Spanish: Nouns and Articles

REVIEW:
El alfabeto

By Maddie Gomez

Multiple Choice

1. How many letters are currently in the Spanish alphabet?

Multiple Choice

2. How many letters used to be in the Spanish alphabet, before they removed some?

Multiple Choice

Which letter is NEVER pronounced in Spanish?

• Z

• V

• H

• X

Multiple Choice

Which two Spanish letters are considered BORROWED letters, meaning they are not used in any authentic Spanish words?

• X,V

• K, W

• Z, Y

• LL,CH

Multiple Choice

"kah"

• K

• Q

• C

• U

Multiple Choice

equis

• S

• E

• X

• Q

Multiple Choice

zeta

• S

• C

• Z

• T

Multiple Choice

¿Qué letras pueden tener acentos en Español?

• we do not have accents in Spanish

• only consonants

• only vowels

• any letter

• s

Multiple Choice

The letter "v" sounds like what other letter in the alphabet when pronounced in a word?

• D

• B

• C

• G

Multiple Choice

What is the saying that helps you distinguish between V and B? "V de ____; B de _____"

• vapor ; beber

• vacaciones ; billete

• vaca ; burro

• vino ; botas

Multiple Choice

The letter "j" sounds like what letter in the English alphabet?

• D

• B

• H

• G

Multiple Choice

The letter "z" sounds like what letter in the English alphabet?

• S

• C

• H

• G

Multiple Choice

What sound would the beginning of this word make?: Gemelos

• "H" like in hello

• "G" like in great

• "G" like in giant

• "H" like in Cheese

Multiple Choice

What sound would the beginning of this word make?: Cara

• "C" like in cents

• "C" like in cat

Multiple Choice

What sound would the beginning of this word make?: Centro

• "C" like in cents

• "C" like in cat

Multiple Choice

What sound would the beginning of this word make?: Cinturón

• "C" like in cents

• "C" like in cat

Multiple Choice

What sound would the beginning of this word make?: Gimnasio

• "H" like in hello

• "G" like in great

• "G" like in giant

Multiple Choice

What sound would the beginning of this word make?: Curso

• "C" like in cents

• "C" like in cat

Multiple Choice

What sound would the beginning of this word make?: Gafas

• "H" like in hello

• "G" like in get

• "G" like in giant

Multiple Choice

What letter in the Spanish alphabet makes the English H sound?

• Y

• J

• Ch

• Q

Spanish:
Nouns and Article

By Maddie Gomez

What are articles?

Articles are words that define a noun as specific or unspecific. A, an, and the are articles.

Definite and Indefinite articles

The definite article is used before a noun to refer to something specific. In English, the article would be ‘the’.

The indefinite article is used before a noun to refer to something that is general or when its identity is not known. In English, the article would be "a, an".

Definite: El and La

"El" and "la" are the equivalent of "the" in English.

Definite articles ( Artículos definidos)

Articles go before the noun

All words in Spanish have a gender

Article and noun ALWAYS agree in gender and number

Most words ending in “a” are feminine (there are exceptions)

Most words ending in “o” are masculine (there are exceptions)

EL

El is used with masculine nouns.

El chico

El teléfono

El amigo

La

La is used with feminine nouns.

La chica

La silla

La amiga

Article-Noun Agreement

Definite articles match the noun they are next to in:

● Gender (masculine, feminine)
● Number (singular, plural)
They follow this word order : Article + Noun

Definite Articles Forms

English Equivalent: the

​Masculine Feminine

EL LA

LOS LAS

​Singular


Plural

Indefinite: Un and Una

"Un" and "una" are the equivalents of "a" and "an" in English.

Indefinite articles like definite articles

• Articles go before the noun

  
  

• All words in Spanish have a gender

• Article and noun ALWAYS agree in gender and number

• Most words ending in “a” are feminine (there are exceptions) Most words ending in “o” are masculine (there are exceptions)

Article-Noun Agreement

Indefinite articles match the noun they are next to in:

● Gender (masculine, feminine)
● Number (singular, plural)
They follow this word order : Article + Noun

Indefinite Articles Forms

English Equivalent: a/an

​Masculine Feminine

UN UNA

UNOS UNAS

​Singular


Plural

How to Determine the Gender of a Noun

You can almost always tell the gender of a noun if it ends in an -o or an -a. However, many nouns end in a consonant. When a noun does not end in an -o or an -a it can be difficult to know its gender.

Adjective and Noun Agreement

Like articles, adjectives have to agree with the noun they modify in terms of gender and number.

Multiple Choice

"El" and "la" are called ....

• indefinite articles

• definite articles

Multiple Choice

"Un" and "una" are called ....

• indefinite articles

• definite articles

Multiple Choice

"La" and "una" describe a ....

• feminine noun

• masculine noun

Multiple Choice

"El" and "un" describe a ....

• feminine noun

• masculine noun

Multiple Choice

Escuela

• La escuela

• El escuela

Multiple Choice

Boligrafo

• Un boligrafo

• Una boligrafo

Multiple Choice

La Sra. Smith es .... profesora simpatica.

• un

• una

Multiple Choice

Juan Carlos es .... chico perezoso.

• una

• un

To make nouns that end in "a," or "o," plural, add an "s."

• amigo becomes amigos

• amiga becomes amigas

To make nouns that end in a consonant plural, add "es."

• papel becomes papeles

• pared becomes paredes

Nouns that end in a "z" change the "z" to "c" en the plural:

• lápiz becomes lápices

• feliz becomes felices

Multiple Choice

Choose the definite article that matches with the following noun:

____ amigas

• el

• los

• la

• las

Match

Match the following definite articles with its corresponding noun

• chico

• chicos

• chica

• chicas

el

los

la

las

• el

• los

• la

• las

Multiple Choice

Choose the definite article that matches with the following noun:

____ escuela

• el

• los

• la

• las

Categorize

Options (20)

estudiante serio

chico atrevido

amigo sociable

chica graciosa

amiga trabajadora

estudiante talentosa

chicos reservados

amigos ordenados

estudiantes buenos

chicas sociables

amigas deportistas

estudiantes trabajadoras

chico

chica

chicos

chicas

perro

perra

perros

perras

Organize these options into the right categories of indefinite articles

Un

Una

Unos

Unas

Multiple Choice

All nouns in Spanish end in either an -o or an -a?

• cierto (true)

• falso (false)

Multiple Choice

How do articles and adjectives have to agree with the noun they modify?

• size and shape

• going before the noun

• gender and number

Multiple Select

Check the definite articles:

• él, ella, usted

• el, la, los, las

• nosotros, nosotras

• el, la, ellos , ellas

Multiple Choice

What do "un" and "una" mean?

• a/an

• and/or

Multiple Select

What do "unos" and "unas "mean?

• one and two

• those

• some

• something

Multiple Select

Select the feminine nouns.

• la muchacha

• el alumno

• la estudiante

• el pupitre

Dropdown

What is the plural of el libro?​ ​

Select answer

Dropdown

What is the plural of la calculadora?​

Select answer

Dropdown

What is the plural of el papel?​

Select answer

Dropdown

What is the plural of el lapiz?​

Select answer

Dropdown

What is the plural of el perfume?​

Select answer

Multiple Choice

El hombre means....

• the man

• the woman

Multiple Choice

La mujer means....

• the man

• the woman

Multiple Choice

La chica means....

• the girl

• the boy

Multiple Choice

El chico means....

• the girl

• the boy

Multiple Choice

''El profesor'' or ''El maestro'' means....

• the teacher (male)

• the teacher (female)

Multiple Choice

''La profesora'' or ''La maestra'' means....

• the teacher (male)

• the teacher (female)

You have learned that nouns ending in -a are usually feminine.
Femenine endings:
…..a la casa, la cocina, la biblioteca
…..d la edad, la ciudad
…..z la naríz (nose) exception lápiz (el lápiz)
…..unbre la costumbre, la incertidumbre
….ie la especie, la efigie

Also words ending in the suffixes -ión, -ad, and -tud are also almost
always feminine.
Examples of feminine nouns with these suffixes include la lección
[lesson], la posiblilidad [possibility], and la virtud [virtue].

Knowing the Feminine of nouns

In the way that nouns ending in -o are usually masculine, nouns ending
in -r and -l are also usually masculine.
masculine endings:
…..e el parque
…..n el jardín
….s el interés
(Exception -o) la mano

Words ending in -ista look feminine because they end in -a. But these words actually
can be either masculine or feminine, for example, in el futbolista [male soccer player]
and la futbolista [female soccer player]. Spanish words ending in -ma also look
feminine because of the -a ending, but many of these words are actually masculine,
including el sistema [system] and el problema [problem].

Knowing the Masculine of nouns

Multiple Choice

Almost always, nouns ending in -o, -ma and -s are....

• masculine

• feminine

Multiple Choice

Almost always, nouns ending in -a, -ción and -dad are....

• masculine

• feminine

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el cuaderno

• la cuaderno

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el diario

• la diario

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el escuela

• la escuela

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el probleMA

• la probleMA

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• la lecCIÓN

• el lecCIÓN

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el autobúS

• la autobúS

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el comuniDAD

• la comuniDAD

​Another reason to memorize the gender of every noun is that there are common exceptions to the rules of gender.

​

For example, el mapa (map) and el día (day) end in –a, but are masculine. La mano (hand) ends in –o, but is feminine.

​

​

​Exceptions...

​la foto
la mano
la radio

​el día
el mapa
el agua** (only for singular definite) (las aguas)
el sofá
el clima
el problema
el poema
el prgrama
el sistema

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el mapa

• la mapa

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct

• el mano

• la mano

Multiple Choice

The plural of ''profesor'' is.

• profesores

• profesors

Multiple Choice

Make it plural : El diccionario

• Las diccionarios

• Los diccionarios

• La diccionario

Multiple Choice

How do you say ''A man''

• Un hombre

• Una hombre

Multiple Choice

How do you say ''A girl''

• Una chica

• Un chica

Multiple Choice

How do you say ''Some male teachers''

• Unas profesores

• Unos profesores

Multiple Choice

How do you say ''Some women''

• Unos mujeres

• Unas mujeres

Multiple Choice

Make it plural - Una computadora

• Unos computadoras

• Unas computadoras

Multiple Choice

Make it plural - Un chico

• Unos chicos

• Unas chicas

Multiple Choice

Some cups = ____ vasos

• el

• los

• un

• una

• unos

Multiple Choice

The car = ____ carro

• el

• los

• un

• una

• unos

Multiple Choice

The women = ____ mujeres

• el

• la

• las

• una

• unas

Multiple Choice

The book = ____ libro

• el

• los

• un

• una

• unos

Multiple Choice

A morning = ____ mañana

• la

• las

• un

• una

• unas

Multiple Choice

Some dogs = ____ perros

• el

• los

• un

• unos

• unas