Ch 2 The Cell

​Cells: The basic Unit of Life

By Dawn Dann

Cells reproduce by MITOSIS

Mitosis has 4 phases

Prophase: Preparation of cell, nucleus membrane starts to break down.
Metaphase: Chromatids line up on spindle fiber; Chromatids meet in the middle on the spindle fiber.
Anaphase: Spindle fiber pulls the chromatids apart.
Telophase: Nucleus reforms around each set of chromatids and cell tears into two.

Multiple Choice

Which phase of Mitosis does the chromatids pull apart, creating 2 identical sets?

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

Cell Parts

Table 2.1 page 12

The cell contains: Plasma Membrane, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes, Smooth ER, Rough ER, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes, Mitochondrion, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Centrioles, Cilia, Microvilli, and Flagellum

Function of Cell Parts

Plasma Membrane

AKA Cell Membrane, Outer covering that monitors what goes in and out of cell

Function of Cell Parts

Cytoplasm

jelly-like substance that fills cell, organelles are suspended in cytoplasm.

Function of Cell Parts

Ribosome

AKA "Protein Factory", makes enzymes and proteins, contains RNA

Function of Cell Parts

Rough ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)

Connected to the Nucleus, involved in making protein

Function of Cell Parts

Smooth ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)

Tube-like organelle, Depending on type of cell-involved in storing calcium, making steroids or lipids

Function of Cell Parts

Golgi Apparatus

AKA "Processing Plant", Organelle that processes proteins and lipids

Function of Cell Parts

Lysosomes

AKA "Waste Collector", Organelle involved in digestion of nutrients

Function of Cell Parts

Mitochondrion

AKA "Power Plant", Organelle involved in energy production

Function of Cell Parts

Nucleus

AKA "Control Center", Organelle that carries genetic information, contains chromosomes that are made of DNA.

Function of Cell Parts

Nucleolus

located in nucleus, produces ribosomes

Function of Cell Parts

Centrioles

Tube-like structure that assists in cell division

Function of Cell Parts

Cilia

Hair-like extensions on surface of cell, to detect surroundings and chemicals

Function of Cell Parts

Microvilli

Projections on surface of cell, to increase surface area allowing better absorption

Function of Cell Parts

Flagellum

Single extension on cell surface allowing for movement or propelling cell

Multiple Choice

Which organelle of the cell is the "Power Plant"?

• Nucleus

• Nucleolus

• Mitochondria

• Cilia

Multiple Choice

Which organelle of the cell is responsible for movement?

• Cilia

• Microvilli

• Flagellum

• Centrioles