Enzymes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following factors can denature an enzyme and affect its activity?

• High temperature

• Low substrate concentration

• Changing pH

• Increasing substrate concentration

Open Ended

Why are enzymes important for metabolic reactions in living organisms?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the difference between intracellular and extracellular enzyme-catalysed reactions?

• Intracellular reactions occur outside the cell, while extracellular reactions occur inside the cell.

• Intracellular reactions involve the breakdown of nutrients in the gut, while extracellular reactions involve ATP synthesis.

• Intracellular reactions occur within the cell, such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, while extracellular reactions occur outside the cell, such as the breakdown of nutrients in the gut.

• Intracellular reactions are not enzyme-catalysed, while extracellular reactions are enzyme-catalysed.

Open Ended

Explain how metabolic reactions contribute to the regulation of body temperature in homeotherms and poikilotherms.

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blank: The Calvin cycle is an example of a metabolic pathway organized as a

.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about enzyme inhibitors is/are correct?

• Inhibitors can be produced by cells to regulate metabolic processes.

• All inhibitors bind irreversibly to enzymes.

• Inhibitors can be introduced from the external environment to damage cells.

• Inhibition can be reversible or irreversible.

Open Ended

Describe the mechanism of competitive inhibition and provide an example of a drug that acts as a competitive inhibitor.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes between competitive and non-competitive enzyme inhibition?

• Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while non-competitive inhibitors bind to the allosteric site.

• Competitive inhibitors change the shape of the active site, while non-competitive inhibitors block the active site.

• Non-competitive inhibitors are structurally similar to the substrate, while competitive inhibitors are not.

• Adding substrate reduces the effect of non-competitive inhibitors, but not competitive inhibitors.

Open Ended

Explain how feedback inhibition regulates metabolic pathways, using the example of isoleucine synthesis from threonine.

Fill in the Blanks

Penicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall formation by binding irreversibly to the enzyme

.

Multiple Select

Which of the following processes are connected to enzyme inhibition as described in the lesson?

• Cell respiration

• Translation

• System regulation

• Immune system

Fill in the Blanks

The region of the enzyme where the substrate binds is called the

.

Open Ended

Explain how the structure of an enzyme's active site determines its specificity and how changes in temperature or pH can affect enzyme activity.