Paleolithic to Archaic Peoples

Open Ended

How were ancient people able to adapt to changing environments?

Multiple Choice

Why is it important to study the early peoples of New Mexico and their adaptation from the Paleolithic to the Archaic period?

• To understand how humans survived and thrived in different environments

• To learn about modern technology

• To compare ancient and modern fashion

• To discover new planets

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes how early humans adapted to their environment in New Mexico?

• They built permanent stone houses immediately

• They adapted to environment, resources, and climate

• They relied only on farming for food

• They avoided using any local resources

Multiple Choice

What were some of the main characteristics of the Paleolithic Period in North America?

• Hunter-gatherers, stone tools, hunted large animals, temporary camps

• Farmers, permanent villages, advanced metal tools, large cities

• Fishermen, permanent stone houses, pottery, domesticated animals

• Nomadic traders, bronze weapons, written language, large empires

Multiple Choice

Based on the Native American Timeline, what major change occurred around 2500 BCE?

• The arrival of Europeans

• The introduction of agriculture and settled farming communities

• The rise of the Cahokia civilization

• The decline of ancient civilizations

Fill in the Blank

The Clovis people are famous for their distinctive ___ points.

Open Ended

Explain the differences between Clovis and Folsom cultures in terms of their tools and hunting practices.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about the Clovis spear point is correct?

• It was made of metal and used for fishing

• It was a distinctive stone tool used for hunting large Ice Age animals

• It was a decorative ornament used in ceremonies

• It was a farming tool used for planting seeds

Multiple Choice

What major environmental change led to the extinction of Ice Age animals during the transition to the Archaic Period?

• Climate warmed

• Climate cooled

• Increase in rainfall

• Volcanic eruptions

Multiple Choice

Which of the following foods were commonly consumed during the Archaic Period?

• Deer, rabbits, nuts, seeds, roots

• Mammoths, bison, large game

• Fish, rice, wheat

• Cattle, corn, beans

Multiple Select

Which of the following features are associated with the Archaic period?

• Semi-nomadic lifestyle

• Use of Clovis points

• Early signs of agriculture

• Caves and pit houses

Open Ended

Describe two ways in which people’s lifestyle changed from the Paleolithic to the Archaic period.

Open Ended

How did the transition to farming during the Archaic period impact later cultures in the region?

Fill in the Blank

The atlatl was a type of ___ used during the Archaic period.

Multiple Choice

Which major change marked the transition from formative cultures between 1-1300 CE?

• The invention of writing

• The transition from hunting-gathering to farming communities

• The rise of large cities

• The discovery of metal tools

Multiple Choice

Based on the map of ancient Native tribe locations in the Southwest, which of the following tribes lived in present-day Arizona?

• Mogollon

• Hohokam

• Ancestral Puebloan

• Pataya

Open Ended

Describe two ways the Hohokam adapted to their environment in the Sonoran Desert.

Fill in the Blank

The Mogollon people transitioned from living in pit houses to living in ___ pueblos.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of the Mogollon culture?

• Lived in southern NM

• Farmed corn, beans, and squash

• Built advanced irrigation canals

• Created distinctive brown pottery

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Ancestral Puebloans (Anasazi)?

• They lived in the Four Corners region

• They built cliff dwellings and kivas

• They practiced irrigation and dry farming

• They were known for building pyramids

Open Ended

How did the architectural features of the cliff dwellings, as shown in the image, benefit the Ancestral Puebloans?

Fill in the Blank

The Chaco Culture declined around ___ CE.

Multiple Select

Which of the following were important aspects of Chaco Culture between 850 and 1250 CE?

• Chaco Canyon as a trade and religious center

• Construction of Great Houses

• Development of astronomy and road systems

• Domestication of horses

Multiple Choice

Which Pueblo communities are still present today as descendants of the Ancestral Puebloans?

• Taos, Acoma, Zuni

• Mesa Verde, Cahokia, Chichen Itza

• Tenochtitlan, Machu Picchu, Cuzco

• Mesa Verde, Tikal, Copan

Open Ended

Explain the significance of adobe in the construction and daily life of Pueblo peoples.

Fill in the Blank

Early peoples of New Mexico lived during the ___ and Archaic periods.

Open Ended

What is one thing you learned today about how early peoples of New Mexico adapted to their environment?