TOEFL Training Day 1

​TOEFL Training
Day 1

By Najmatul Wardah, M. Li.

Agenda - Day 1

• TOEFL EPT Overview

• Grammar Use - Structure

Poll

In your personal opinion, what is the hardest skill for you?

• Listening

• Structure

• Reading

TOEFL EPT Overview

In this part, you will learn more about the EPT structure, types of question, and the scoring.

Listening 30"
Structure 30"
Reading 30"

Allocated Time

• Laptop min Windows 7

• Camera + Internet 10mbps

• No ipad or phone

• Headset/headphone

Device

• No cheating (chatgpt, joki, google translate)

Rules

• No off-cam

• Submit 5 mins before

• No refresh without permission

Rules

Soal listening untuk semua bagian diberikan dalam bentuk file audio yang disimpan di cloud.
Peserta dapat mengakses soal ini dari tautan yang tertera pada lembar soal. Disarankan untuk menggunakan headphone/headset dengan kualitas driver yang baik untuk kelancaran ujian.

General tips

Types of Question

There will be three parts of questions in this section.
Part A: Short Conversation
Part B: Minimal Pairs
Part C: Dictation

Listening (30 Qs)

There are two parts of questions in this section.
Part A: Structure
Part B: Written Expression

Structure (30 Qs)

Reading Comprehension

Reading (30 Qs)

• Memilih kata yang dilafalkan pada kalimat di audio.

• Menuliskan ulang semua kata yang disebut pada audio.

  • Notes: Menggunakan huruf kapital dan titik.

Minimal Pairs and Dictation

Menjawab pertanyaan berdasarkan percakapan yang diputar.
Notes: Percakapan pendek dan pertanyaannya terdapat dalam percakapannya.

Short Conversation

Listening

Contoh Soal

Contoh Soal Minimal Pairs dan Dictation

​On recording, you hear the speaker said:
"I need to learn the nuts and bolts of a new job."

​On recording, you hear the speaker said:
"She needs to commute to her office every day."

​"SHE NEEDS TO COMMUTE TO HER OFFICE EVERY DAY."

Dalam bagian ini, peserta diminta untuk dapat mengidentifikasi error yang ada pada kalimat.

Written Expression

Dalam bagian ini, peserta diminta untuk memilih jawaban yang dapat melengkapi kalimat di bagian pertanyaan (grammatically correct).

Structure

Structure

Contoh Soal

Di bagian ini, peserta diminta menjawab soal berkaitan dengan bacaan yang diberikan.

Reading Comprehension

Reading

Scoring in EPT

Untuk scoring pada EPT, jika jawaban benar skor 1, jika salah skor 0 sehingga total skor adalah 90.
Untuk konversi skor tidak dijelaskan sehingga untuk target minimal bisa di set antara 46-56.

Structure in EPT

• Structure

• Written Expression

General Tips for Structure

Dalam bagian Structure dan Written Expression, peserta diharapkan menunjukkan pemahaman konsep-konsep tata bahasa Inggris berikut:

1. Kelas kata dan perubahannya,

2. Aturan pembentukan frasa dan kalimat,

3. Tense dan aspect,

4. Kesesuaian bentuk subjek dan verba, dan

5. Bentuk-bentuk kalimat majemuk bertingkat dengan klausa tereduksi.

• Nominal vs Verbal Sentence

• Active vs Passive Voice

• Simple vs Complex vs Compound Sentence

Sentence Structure

• Parts of Speech - Vocabulary

• Tenses

Grammar Use

What to focus on...

In Section 2, we learn that...

Pertanyaannya hanya memiliki satu kalimat.
Apakah kalimat sederhana atau majemuk?
Apakah sudah ada Subject dan Verb?
Apakah kalimatnya sudah lengkap?
Tenses yang digunakan?

Grammar Use

Parts of Speech

Noun - subjek dan objek dalam kalimat

Verb - kata kerja (tidak selalu menunjukkan sebuah kegiatan)

Adjective - menjelaskan Noun dan Pronoun

Adverb - menjelaskan Verb, Adjective, Adverb

Conjunction - menjadi kata hubung untuk kata, frasa, klausa

Preposition - menjadi penghubung Noun terhadap kalimat

Pronoun - kata ganti Noun

Interjection - kata menunjukan eksklamasi atau feelings yang tidak terhubung langsung dengan struktur grammatika kalimat

Multiple Select

Choose more than one:

Identify the adverb from the following options:

• seldom

• carefully

• friendly

• close

Multiple Choice

Identify the subject from the sentence below:

With his friend, Josh arrived at the movie theater five minutes ago.

• friend

• Josh

• movie theater

• five minutes

Multiple Select

(Choose more than one)

Identify the SUBJECT AND VERB in the sentence below:

A pride of lions can contain up to forty lions, including one to three males, several females, and cubs.

• up to

• a pride

• three males

• can contain

• including

Multiple Choice

True or False:

Adjective dapat menjelaskan Adverb.

• True

• False

Parts of Speech Sample of Questions

Multiple Choice

The food sector has __________ one-third of greenhouse gas emissions, with five countries -

China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, and the United States - responsible for over 40 percent of global

food supply chain emissions.

• contributing

• contributes

• contributed

• contribution

Multiple Choice

Her argument was so __________ that everyone in the room began to question their own opinions.

• persuasion

• persuaded

• persuasive

• persuasively

Multiple Choice

The new manager implemented several __________ changes to improve productivity.

• significant

• significance

• significantly

• signifying

Grammar Use: Tenses

What makes Tenses difficult?

Basic Structure: Subject + Verb (change based on tense)

​Present - V1	Past - V2
​Future - will + base V	​Perfect - have + V3

Tenses can be determined by looking at the adverb of time used.

Multiple Choice

Identify the tense of the sentence below:

Nina has waited for three years to enroll to this company.

• Present Tense

• Past Tense

• Future Tense

• Perfect Tense

Multiple Choice

Identify the tense of the sentence below:

Ade and Linda are students from a private school in Jakarta.

• Present Tense

• Past Tense

• Future Tense

• Perfect Tense

Multiple Choice

Identify the tense of the sentence below:

Janu called me when I was doing my homework last night.

• Present Tense

• Past Tense

• Future Tense

• Perfect Tense

Multiple Choice

Identify the tense of the sentence below:

The files will all be sorted out by the manager by tomorrow.

• Present Tense

• Past Tense

• Future Tense

• Perfect Tense

Kalimat majemuk setara
Kalimat majemuk bertingkat:
- Noun
- Adjective
- Adverb

Multiple Clauses

• Nominal vs Verbal Sentence

  • Nominal: to be

  • Verbal: real verb

• Active vs Passive Voice

  • Passive: to be + V3

One Clause

Sentence Structure: English and its parallel structure

Active: She writes a recommendation letter.

Passive: A recommendation letter is written by her.

Active vs Passive

Nominal: She is a student in UNDIP.

Verbal: She studies in UNDIP.

Nominal vs Verbal

Samples of Sentence

Exercise with Structure format

Multiple Choice

Muskrats generally ____ close to the edge of a bog.

• they are staying

• they stays

• staying

• stay

Multiple Choice

Oliver Ellsworth _____ the author of the bill that established the federal court system.

• was

• were

• who was

• he was

Multiple Choice

A ______ compensation is often sought in civil court cases.

• finance

• financial

• financing

• financially

Multiple Choice

Emily Dickinson's garden was a place _____ drew great inspirations for her poems.

• where she

• which she

• she is

• she

Multiple Choice

__ the colonial period, the great majority of Connecticut's settlers came from England.

• Since

• Of which

• During

• However

Multiple Choice

Choose the error from the sentence below:

The Egyptians first discovered that drying fruit preserved it, made it sweeter, and improvement its flavor.

• first

• drying

• sweeter

• improvement

Multiple Choice

Choose the error from the sentence below:

If a glass lizard loses its tails, a new one grows to replace it.

• If

• tails

• new

• to replace

Multiple Choice

Choose the error from the sentence below:

Martin Luther King Jr.'s magnificent speaking ability enabled him to effectively express the demands for which social justice for Black Americans.

• speaking

• enabled

• effectively

• for which

Practice makes perfect!

Please practice more based on what you learn about today's lesson.

Tips:
- Elimination Technique: eliminasi semua opsi jawaban yang dirasa malah akan membuat kalimatnya semakin tidak benar sesuai struktur gramatikal.
- Selalu ingat bahwa kalimat selalu membutuhkan Subject dan Verb (identifikasi dua hal ini) untuk memudahkan mengeliminasi opsi jawaban.
- Bisa identifikasi tenses dari kata keterangan waktu yang digunakan (yesterday, sometimes, for three years)
- Ingat parallel struktur di mana standarnya jika kalimat tersebut panjang dan banyak koma, bisa diasumsikan bahwa error yang dimaksud biasanya adanya ketidaksamaan struktur.