6. Proteins

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

• Providing structural support to cells
• Catalyzing biochemical reactions
• Transporting molecules across cell membranes
• Providing a primary source of energy

Multiple Choice

What are the monomers of proteins?

• Fatty acids
• Amino acids
• Nucleotides
• Monosaccharides

Labelling

Label the components of an amino acid.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Nitrogen Base

R Group

Carboxyl Group

Pentose Sugar

Amino Group

Multiple Choice

How are amino acids bonded together? What is the covalent bond that holds amino acids together called?

• Condensation Reaction; Peptide bond

• Hydrolysis Reaction; Hydrogen bond

• Catabolic Reaction; Peptide Bond

• Anabolic Reaction; Hydrogen Bond

Multiple Choice

Where does a peptide bond happen?

• In proteins, between a hydrogen group and a carboxyl group.

• In proteins, between an amino group and a hydroxyl group.

• In proteins, between a hydrogen group and a hydroxyl group.

• In proteins, between an amino group and a carboxyl group.

Multiple Choice

What determines if an amino acid is essential or non-essential?

• An amino acid is non-essential if it can be synthesized in the liver only.
• An amino acid is essential if it is only found in animal products.
• An amino acid is essential if it is required for muscle growth.
• An amino acid is essential if it cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from food.

Multiple Choice

What type of dietary restrictions require special attention to essential amino acid intake?

• Paleo diet
• Ketogenic diet
• Mediterranean diet
• Vegetarian and vegan diets

Multiple Choice

What is the proteome and how many different combos of proteins are possible?

• The proteome consists of 20 different R-groups; The proteome is all of the amino acids a person has.

• There are exactly 100 different combos of proteins; The proteome is all of the DNA a person has.

• The number of different combos is infinite; The proteome is all of the proteins a person can make.

• The proteome consists of only a few hundred proteins. The proteome is all of the genes a person has.

Multiple Choice

What are the two things that can impact protein structure and function? Why?

• Temperature, because boiling temperatures break hydrogen bonds and peptide bonds. pH levels also impact protein structure by dissolving proteins.

• Temperature, because increased movement with heat breaks bonds and pH levels, which changes reactivity of R-groups.