Chemistry of life

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major types of organic compounds found in living things?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Water

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of carbohydrates in cells?

• Energy supply

• Structural support

• Cell recognition

• Genetic information storage

Multiple Choice

The major role of carbohydrates in the human diet is to

• form the membranes that surround mitochondria

• act as a catalyst for cellular reactions

• supply energy for the body

• provide building blocks for amino acids

Open Ended

Explain the structural differences between saturated and unsaturated fats and how these differences affect their physical state at room temperature.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

• Saturated fatty acids have single bonds and are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds and are liquid at room temperature.

• Saturated fatty acids have double bonds and are liquid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids have single bonds and are solid at room temperature.

• Saturated fatty acids are always found in plants, while unsaturated fatty acids are always found in animals.

• Saturated fatty acids are hydrophilic, while unsaturated fatty acids are hydrophobic.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of lipids in living organisms?

• Long-term energy storage

• Main structural component of the cell membrane

• Catalyzing chemical reactions

• Secondary source of energy

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of fats and oils?

• Glycerol and fatty acid chains

• Amino acids

• Monosaccharides

• Nucleotides

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid?

• One phosphate group and two fatty acid chains

• Four carbon rings and no fatty acid chains

• A chain of amino acids

• A single glucose molecule

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about steroids are correct?

• Steroids are composed of 4 carbon-based rings

• Steroids contain fatty acid chains

• Cholesterol is a type of steroid

• Steroids are found in cell membranes

Multiple Choice

What is the bond called that connects a chain of amino acids in proteins?

• Peptide bond

• Glycosidic bond

• Phosphodiester bond

• Hydrogen bond

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of proteins in living organisms?

• Control the rate of chemical reactions

• Store genetic information

• Control movement of molecules across the cell membrane

• Serve as a major functional component of living things