BIOQUÍMICA SEM 1 MEDICINA

Multiple Choice

What elements are common to all 4 biomolecules?

• Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
• Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorus

Multiple Choice

What are the main mechanisms for regulating metabolic pathways?

• Reversible reactions

• Irreversible reactions

• Both reversible and irreversible reactions

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What are the mechanisms of enzyme regulation mentioned in the text?

• Hormonal control

• Allosteric control

• Substrate concentration

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT true about allosteric regulation?

• Regulatory molecules will bind to a place on the enzyme that is not the active site

• It can amplify or inhibit enzyme activity

• Allosteric inhibitors will compete with substrate for the active site

• It helps a cell regulate its metabolism

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea of the Big Bang theory?

• It states that the universe is static

• It claims that life originated from non-living matter

• It suggests that all matter and energy were concentrated in a single point

• It proposes that life was transferred from another place in the universe

Multiple Choice

What is inflation theory?

• Inflation theory is a political ideology advocating for increased government spending.
• Inflation theory is a financial concept related to stock market trends.
• Inflation theory is a cosmological model that explains the rapid expansion of the universe in the early stages after the Big Bang.
• Inflation theory is a scientific hypothesis about the origins of life on Earth.

Multiple Choice

What does the Big Bang theory suggest?

• The universe was just there
• The Milky Way is the only solar system
• The universe is continually expanding
• The universe is collapsing in toward a single point

Multiple Choice

What does the Oparin-Haldane theory propose about the Earth's primitive atmosphere?

• It contained oxygen and nitrogen

• It contained methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water vapor

• It was similar to today's atmosphere

• It was devoid of any gases

Open Ended

Explain the concept of natural selection as described in the text.

Multiple Choice

What does the endosymbiosis theory propose about primitive eukaryotic cells?

• They were the first organisms on Earth

• They engulfed bacteria capable of special functions

• They could only perform aerobic respiration

• They were unable to reproduce

Multiple Choice

What is LUCA and why is it significant in the context of abiotic synthesis?

• A type of bacteria

• The common ancestor of all domains

• A process of photosynthesis

• A modern organism

Multiple Choice

Use the table above to answer the question. Which two students correctly described organic compounds in the table above?

• Students 1 and 2

• Students 2 and 3

• Students 3 and 4

• Students 2 and 4

Multiple Choice

What is electronegativity?

• The ability of atoms to attract electrons

• The ability of atoms to repel electrons

• The ability of atoms to form bonds

• The ability of atoms to lose electrons

Multiple Choice

What are the three types of weak interactions described in the image?

• Van der Waals forces

• Hydrogen bonds

• Ionic bonds

• Covalent bonds

Multiple Choice

Which property allows water molecules to "stick" to themselves?

• adhesion

• cohesion

• polarity

• surface tension

Multiple Select

List the functional groups that contain oxygen.

• Hydroxyl - Polar

• Carbonyl - Polar

• Carboxyl - Polar

• Ester - Nonpolar

Open Ended

What is a polysaccharide?

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between aldoses and ketoses based on their carbon groups?

• Aldoses have an aldehyde group on the first carbon

• Ketoses have an aldehyde group on the first carbon

• Aldoses have a ketone group on the second carbon

• Ketoses have a ketone group on the first carbon

Multiple Choice

What is the molecule illustrated in the figure below?

• a trans polyunsaturated triacylglyceride
• a steroid similar to cholesterol
• a saturated fatty acid
• an unsaturated fatty acid

Multiple Choice

What are the characteristics of fatty acids as described in the text?

• They have a hydrophilic carboxyl group and a hydrocarbon chain

• They are always saturated

• They do not form micelles in aqueous media

• They have a specific nomenclature ending in -oico

Multiple Choice

What are the physical states of saturated and unsaturated triglycerides?

• Saturated → liquids, Unsaturated → solids

• Saturated → solids, Unsaturated → liquids

• Both are solids

• Both are liquids

Multiple Choice

What are the components of phospholipids?

• Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, phosphate group

• Glycerol, 3 fatty acids, phosphate group

• Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, sugar

• Glycerol, 1 fatty acid, phosphate group

Categorize

Options (8)

2 strands

1 strand

Deoxyribose sugar

Ribose sugar

Has thymine (T)

Has uracil (U)

Found in the nucleus

Found in various locations in cell

Organize these options into the right categories

DNA

RNA

Multiple Choice

What are the two types of nitrogenous bases mentioned in the image?

• Purines and Pyrimidines

• Adenine and Guanine

• Cytosine and Thymine

• Uracil and Thymine

Multiple Choice

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between A and T?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of this reaction?

• Dehydration Synthesis
• Hydrolysis
• Pepysis
• Oxidation

Multiple Choice

Explain the significance of the primary structure of proteins in determining their final shape and function.

• The primary structure has no impact on the final shape and function of proteins.

• The primary structure determines the sequence of amino acids, which influences folding and function.

• The primary structure only affects the protein's ability to dissolve in water.

• The primary structure is irrelevant once the protein is synthesized.

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of the color gradient in the design?

• It represents diversity

• It indicates a temperature scale

• It shows a timeline

• It is purely decorative

Poll

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