chem review

Multiple Choice

_____ is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter.

• Science

• Chemistry

• Biology

• Knowledge

Multiple Choice

Why is it important to study chemistry in A&P class?

• It helps understand body functions

• It is not relevant to biology

• It focuses only on chemical reactions

• It is only about laboratory techniques

Multiple Choice

Metabolism is the sum of an organism's chemical processes.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

the central region of an atom where its neutrons and protons are is its 

• nucleus 
• electron cloud
• core 
• center 

Multiple Choice

What does the nucleus of an atom contain?

• Electrons and neutrons
• Protons and neutrons
• Neutrinos and positrons
• DNA and RN

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of a proton

• positive

• negative

• neutral

Multiple Choice

The particles with no charge in an atom are the _______.

• electrons
• neutrons
• protons
• protons and neutrons

Multiple Choice

A particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n)...

• Proton
• Neutron
• Electron
• Quark

Multiple Choice

Which is an electron?

• A
• B
• C

Multiple Choice

What are the 3 particles that make-up the atom?

• protons, neutrons, and isotopes
• neutrons, isotopes, and electrons
• positives, negatives, and electrons
• protons, neutrons, and electrons

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of an element?

• The number of protons in an atom's nucleus

• The number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus

• The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom

• The number of electrons in an atom's outer shell

Multiple Choice

If an element has an atomic number of 11, how many protons does it have?

• 11

• 12

• 10

• 9

Multiple Choice

The number 16 for the atomic element sulfur is the

• ionic number

• isotope

• atomic mass

• atomic number

Multiple Choice

What is the number of protons that the element in this image contain?

• 14
• 7
• 15
• 18

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic mass of "F"

• 9
• 18
• 17
• 19

Multiple Choice

Different isotopes have...

• different masses
• different atomic numbers
• different electrons
• different protons

Multiple Choice

How many neutrons are in an atom of carbon-14?

• 6

• 8

• 10

• 14

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the pictured isotope?

• Carbon-12
• Carbon-13
• Carbon-14
• Carbon-15

Multiple Choice

What are the maximum number of electrons that can be held in the first, second, and third electron shells?

• 2, 8, 8

• 2, 4, 6

• 8, 8, 18

• 2, 6, 8

Multiple Choice

• 2
• 8
• 3
• 13

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons?

• 2
• 3
• 5
• 10

Multiple Choice

What do atoms do to become stable?

• They lose electrons

• They take electrons

• They share electrons

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What is an ion?

• A Charged Atom
• A Large Atom
• A Small Atom
• A Cute Atom

Multiple Choice

What is a positive ion called?

• anion

• cation

• isotope

• covalent

Multiple Select

What are the definitions of electrolytes, acids, bases, and salts as described in the image?

• Electrolytes are substances that release ions in water.

• Acids are electrolytes that dissociate to release hydrogen ions in water.

• Bases are substances that release ions that can combine with hydrogen ions.

• Salts are electrolytes formed by the reaction between an acid and a base.

Multiple Choice

What is a negative ion called?

• anion

• cation

• covalent

• isotope

Multiple Choice

How many electrons would a Nitrogen ion gain/lose? If it has 5 valence electrons.

• lose 5

• gain 5

• lose 3

• gain 3

Multiple Choice

How many electrons would a Calcium ion gain/lose? If it has 2 valence electrons.

• lose 1

• gain 1

• lose 2

• gain 2

Multiple Choice

Iodine has 7 valence electron. It will have a charge of _______

• -2

• -1

• +1

• +2

Multiple Choice

Oxygen has 6 valence electron. It will have a charge of _______.

• +1

• -1

• +2

• -2

Multiple Choice

If my charge becomes 2+ what does that say about me?

• I am stealing 2 electrons
• I am losing 2 electrons
• I am in period 2
• I have an atomic # of 2

Multiple Choice

The attraction between oppositely charged ions is called a(n) _______________.

• ionic bond
• polyatomic ion

Multiple Choice

Ionic bonds form between two ions that have...

• ionic compounds
• negative charges
• positive charges
• opposite charges

Multiple Choice

This image shows the bonding between Lithium and Fluorine. What does the red arrow show?

• electrons being shared

• electrons being transferred to Fluorine

• electrons being transferred to Lithium

• electrons being destroyed

Multiple Choice

What formula results when Ca⁺² and Br^- ions bond?

• Ca₂Br₂
• CaBr
• Ca(br)₂
• CaBr₂

Multiple Choice

How do covalent bonds form?

• Donating & receiving valence electrons between atoms

• Oppositely charged ions attract each other & form bonds

• Scientists are still not sure how they form

• Sharing valence electrons between atoms

Multiple Choice

This is the displayed formula for what covalent compound?

• Water

• Hydrogen peroxide

• Hydrogen oxide

• Ethanol

Multiple Choice

Chlorine is a diatomic element which means in nature, it is found in two's. (Cl₂) Chlorine shares one pair of electrons to make sure each atom complete the octet rule. This creates a...

• single bond

• double bond

• triple bond

Multiple Choice

Oxygen is a diatomic element which means in nature, it is found in two's. (O₂) Oxygen shares two pairs of electrons to make sure each atom completes the octet rule. This creates a...

• single bond

• double bond

• triple bond

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen is a diatomic element which means in nature, it is found in two's. (N₂) Nitrogen shares three pairs of electrons to make sure each atom completes the octet rule. This creates a...

• single bond

• double bond

• triple bond

Multiple Select

What does this picture illustrate? (Select all that apply)

• Sharing valence electrons

• Covalent bonding

• transferring valence electrons

• ionic bonding

• two nonmetals

Multiple Choice

How many covalent bonds are created in a single water molecule?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an acceptable Lewis structure for CH₃Cl?

• Option A
• Option B
• Option C
• Option D

Multiple Choice

The electrons in a polar covalent molecule are shared...

• Evenly

• Unevenly

• Electrons are not shared

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

The electrons in a nonpolar covalent molecule are shared...

• Evenly

• Unevenly

• Electrons are not shared

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

The electrons in an ionic molecule are shared...

• Evenly

• Unevenly

• Electrons are not shared

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

In a polar covalent bond, the electrons gather around...

• The atom with the Greatest Electronegativity

• The atom with the Lowest Electronegativity

• Each atom Equally

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

The polarity of a bond is determined by...

• The sum of the electronegativities of the two atoms

• The difference in the electronegativities of the two atoms

• The charges of the atoms

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

Partial charges are present in which type of bond?

• Ionic

• Nonpolar Covalent

• Polar Covalent

• Both Polar Covalent and Ionic

Reorder

Use your electronegativity table to rank the following molecules from LEAST to GREATEST polarity.

• O_²

• CCl₄

• H₂O

• HCl

• BF₃

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

What is a hydrogen bond?

• A strong attraction between molecules

• A weak attraction between polar molecules

• A type of covalent bond

• A bond formed only in gases

Multiple Choice

In this image, what are the information to the right of the arrow (in black) is called the_______.

• Product
• Reactant
• Chemical Subscript

Open Ended

Explain what is happening in the following image.

Reorder

Rank the following pH values in order from least (#5) hydronium ion concentration to the greatest (#1)

• 11

• 8

• 6

• 4

• 2

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

Dehydration synthesis is the reaction that occurs, allowing amino acids to bond. What happens during this process?

• add water to build a bond

• add water to break a bond

• remove water to build a bond

• remove water to break a bond

Multiple Choice

What are the main differences between organic and inorganic molecules?

• Organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen, while inorganic molecules do not.

• Organic molecules are generally smaller than inorganic molecules.

• Organic molecules do not dissolve in water, while inorganic molecules do.

• Organic molecules are only carbohydrates, while inorganic molecules include water and salts.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of water in living organisms?

• It is the most abundant compound

• It helps in metabolic reactions

• It transports chemicals

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What are the roles of inorganic salts in the body?

• They are waste products

• They provide necessary ions

• They are not important

• They are only found in food

Multiple Choice

What are the main functions of carbohydrates in living organisms?

• Provide energy to cells

• Supply materials to build cell structures

• Water-insoluble

• Contain only carbon

Multiple Choice

What are the three types of carbohydrates represented in the images?

• Monosaccharide

• Disaccharide

• Polysaccharide

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of triglycerides?

• 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids

• 2 glycerol and 2 fatty acids

• 1 glycerol and 2 fatty acids

• 3 glycerol and 1 fatty acid

Multiple Choice

This image is an example of a phospholipid. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHOBIC?

• the phosphate "head"

• the lipid "tails"

Multiple Choice

This image is an example of a phospholipid. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHILIC?

• the phosphate "head"

• the lipid "tails"

Multiple Choice

Proteins are made of many ____ bonded together.

• amino acids

• enzymes

• polypeptides

Multiple Choice

All amino acids have the same basic structure. Which part of the amino acid makes each each one unique?

• amino group

• carboxyl group

• R-group (side chain)

Multiple Choice

The protein structure that results from a sequence of amino acids is:

• primary structure

• secondary structure

• tertiary structure

• quaternary structure

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is this a picture of?

• Protein
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

The protein structure that results from hydrogen bonds forming beta pleated sheets and alpha helices is:

• primary structure

• secondary structure

• tertiary structure

• quaternary structure

Multiple Choice

What does an enzyme do?

• slows down chemical reactions

• speeds up chemical reactions

• increases the temperature of the reaction

Multiple Choice

In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 

• cytosine
• adenine
• guanine
• thymine

Multiple Choice

Nucleic acids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• DNA and RNA

Multiple Choice

What are the nucleotides made of?

• Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
• Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
• Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
• Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine

Multiple Choice

What are the nucleotides made of?

• Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
• Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
• Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
• Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine

Multiple Choice

What are the 4 nitrogen bases?

• adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
• adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose

Multiple Choice

Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?

• C-A, T-G
• A-G, C-T
• C-G, U-A
• T-A, G-C

Multiple Choice

The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?

• A DNA molecule
• A lipid molecule
• A carbohydrate molecule
• A protein molecule