Metabolic Diseases

Multiple Choice

What does the term "aetiology" refer to in medicine?

• The study of the cause or origin of a disease

• The treatment of a disease

• The symptoms of a disease

• The prevention of a disease

Multiple Choice

What does the term "pathogenesis" refer to?

• The sequence of events and mechanisms by which a disease develops

• The process of curing a disease

• The prevention of disease transmission

• The study of healthy body functions

Multiple Choice

Pathogenesis describes the process from the initial cause of a disease to which of the following?

• The clinical signs observed

• The recovery of the patient

• The spread of the disease to others

• The genetic mutation of the pathogen

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell in the Islets of Langerhans produces insulin to lower blood sugar?

• Beta cells

• Alpha cells

• Delta cells

• Gamma cells

Multiple Choice

What is the function of alpha cells in the Islets of Langerhans?

• Make insulin to lower blood sugar

• Make glucagon to raise blood sugar

• Make somatostatin to balance other hormones

• Make adrenaline to increase heart rate

Multiple Choice

What do beta cells release when blood sugar rises, such as after eating?

• Glucagon

• Insulin

• Adrenaline

• Cortisol

Multiple Choice

In diabetes, what is the main difference between dogs and cats regarding beta cell function?

• In dogs, beta cells work normally; in cats, they stop working.

• In dogs, beta cells stop working; in cats, the body becomes resistant to insulin.

• In both dogs and cats, beta cells stop working.

• In both dogs and cats, the body becomes resistant to insulin.

Multiple Choice

What is the most common type of diabetes mellitus in dogs?

• Insulin-deficient (Type 1-like) diabetes

• Insulin-resistant (Type 2-like) diabetes

• Gestational diabetes

• Secondary diabetes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following dog breeds is predisposed to diabetes mellitus?

• Samoyed

• Beagle

• Golden Retriever

• Boxer

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a classic clinical sign combination mentioned in the material?

• PU/PD and weight loss

• Fever and cough

• Diarrhea and itching

• Sneezing and runny nose

Multiple Choice

Which clinical sign is noted as being very common in dogs?

• Cataracts

• Seizures

• Ear infections

• Limping

Multiple Choice

What is the main effect of cataracts in diabetic dogs?

• Cloudiness of the lens leading to blurry vision or blindness.

• Increased tear production.

• Loss of fur around the eyes.

• Enlargement of the eyeball.

Multiple Choice

What is a common insulin used in insulin therapy for treatment?

• Caninsulin (Vetsulin)

• Humulin N

• Lantus

• Novolog

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is important in dietary management for treatment?

• Consistent diet/timing

• High-fat diets

• Irregular meal times

• Low fiber intake

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a symptom of hypoglycaemia?

• Weakness

• Anorexia

• Blindness

• Glucosuria

Multiple Choice

What complication is associated with cataracts that may cause blindness?

• Cataracts

• Hypoglycaemia

• Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

Multiple Choice

What is the most common type of diabetes mellitus seen in cats?

• Type 2-like diabetes

• Type 1 diabetes

• Gestational diabetes

• Juvenile diabetes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a breed predisposed to diabetes mellitus in cats?

• Burmese cats

• Siamese cats

• Persian cats

• Maine Coon cats

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign mentioned in the slide?

• PU/PD/PP with weight loss despite good appetite

• Lethargy and poor coat

• Plantigrade stance (neuropathy)

• Increased muscle mass

Multiple Choice

What is a plantigrade stance most commonly associated with, according to the slide?

• Neuropathy

• Obesity

• Hyperactivity

• Skin infection

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is considered the mainstay of treatment in insulin therapy?

• Oral medications

• Insulin therapy

• Herbal supplements

• Physical therapy

Multiple Choice

What type of diet is recommended for dietary management according to the treatment guidelines?

• High-carb, low-protein diets

• Low-fat, high-sugar diets

• Low-carb, high-protein diets

• High-carb, high-fat diets

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a possible complication of hypoglycaemia?

• Tremors, seizures, collapse

• Anorexia, vomiting, collapse

• Hypertension, fever, rash

• Diarrhea, dehydration, cough

Multiple Choice

What is a plantigrade stance most commonly associated with in the context of complications?

• Neuropathy

• Hypoglycaemia

• DKA

• Hypertension