END/ENL lesson 3 comparisons & adjectives

END100
Adjectives & Comparisons

By Andriana Manoli

Adjectives -ed

​1. Adjectives with -ed:
To describe how a person feels or their emotional state. - These adjectives describe a feeling or a reaction.
Examples: - I feel bored. (I don’t feel excited.)
- She is tired after the long trip. (She feels tired.)

Adjectives -ing

​1. Adjectives with -ing:
Use adjectives ending in -ing to describe a person or thing that causes the feeling.

These adjectives describe something that creates a feeling.

Examples:

- The movie was boring. (The movie caused the feeling of boredom.)

- The long trip was tiring. (The trip caused the feeling of tiredness.)

Multiple Choice

Sarah is a very __________ person. She always has great stories to tell.

• interesting

• interested

Multiple Choice

Mary felt __________when she forgot her lines during the play.

• embarrassing

• embarrassed

Multiple Choice

After the long trip, I felt __________ .I needed a good rest.

• exhausted

• exhausting

• exhaust

Making comparisons

We use comparative adjectives to compare two things or people.

•For most adjectives, we add -er at the end of the adjective (short adjectives).

•Example: smaller, taller, faster.

•For adjectives ending in -e, just add -r.

•Example: nicer, larger.

•For adjectives with two syllables, use more or less.

•Example: more beautiful, more interesting, less expensive.

•For adjectives with three or more syllables, always use more or less.

•Example: more intelligent, less comfortable

Making comparisons

We use superlative adjectives to describe the highest or lowest degree of something (among three or more things).

•For most adjectives, we add -est at the end of the adjective (short adjectives).

•Example: the smallest, the tallest, the fastest.

•For adjectives ending in -e, just add -st.

•Example: the nicest, the largest.

•For adjectives with two syllables, use the most or the least.

•Example: the most beautiful, the least expensive.

•For adjectives with three or more syllables, always use the most or the least.

•Example: the most intelligent, the least comfortable.

Multiple Choice

Sarah is the ____ person I've ever met!

• kind

• kindest

• kinder

Multiple Choice

You are a much_____ person than I am.

• nicer

• nice

• nicest

Exceptions

1. Adjectives ending in -y

If an adjective ends in -y, change -y to -ier for comparatives and -iest for superlatives.

Examples:

1.happy → happier → happiest

2.busy → busier → busiest


2. Adjectives with irregular forms
Some adjectives do not follow the usual rules for comparatives and superlatives. These are irregular adjectives.

•Good → better → best

•Bad → worse → worst

•Far → farther/further → farthest/furthest

•Little → less → least

•Many → more → most

•Much → more → most

Exceptions

3. Two-syllable adjectives
Some two-syllable adjectives can follow both the -er/-est rule and the more/most rule.

1.clever → cleverer → cleverest

quiet → quieter → quietest

Multiple Choice

I am the ___ I've ever been in my life.

• happiest

• happyest

• happier

• happyer

Multiple Choice

John has ____ house out of all our friends.

• comfortable

• more comfortable than

• the most comfortable

• the comfortablest

Multiple Choice

Is he ___ than you at sports?

• gooder

• better

• best

• goodest

Multiple Choice

I found this book ____ interesting than the last one.

• most interesting

• interestinger

• more interesting

• interesting