Unit 6 Ottoman Empire

​Unit 6 The Ottoman Empire

By Rhonda Tharp

​How did the Ottoman Empire transform Eurasia, politically & economically?

How did the Byzantine Empire Fall and Give Rise to the Ottoman Empire?

Since the area had been weakened during the Crusades, the Ottoman Turks (Muslims) raided and attacked the Byzantines.

Strong leaders like Osman I, Mehmet II and Suleyman were able to expand the Empire because they had an organized, loyal military.

Ottoman Empire

Established in 303 CE by Roman Emperor Constantine.

The Crusades ended in 1270s and by the 1400s, Muslim Turks had taken over the area.

The Byzantine Empire finally fell to the Ottomans in 1453.

​Byzantine Empire →

Multiple Choice

In Eurasia (Anatolia), the area now known as Turkey and the Middle East, which Empire was established there first?

• Egyptian

• French

• Byzantine

• Ottoman

Labeling

Match the country to the map.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Iran

Turkey

Iraq

Arabia

Egypt

Multiple Choice

What major event weakened Eurasia & the Middle East; this allowed the Ottoman Turks to take over.

• The Renaissance

• Establishment of the Holy Roman Empire

• Neolithic Revolution

• The Crusades

Multiple Choice

When Ottomans took over the Byzantine Empire, many people who spoke Greek and Latin fled to Venice, Italy. This will lead to the ___

• Scientific Revolution

• The Crusades

• The Renaissance

• The Great Schism

The Empire is Founded by Osman I

Christian boys were taken and forced to learn military training.
Known as slave soldiers but could hold high rank.
They were forced to become Muslim, as well.

Janissaries

Instead of an Emperor (Christian), there is now a Sultan (Muslim).

The Sultan established a large military with traditional values - pursuit of riches, conquering in the name of religion and tribal loyalty.

They conquered more land and converted people to Islam.

​Political Changes

Ottoman Political Structure

The Sultan was the head of the Islamic caliphate & commanded the Muslims.

The Sultan had all the power - absolute authority and it was based on Sharia Law.

The Sultan & his advisors blended Byzantine politics with Islamic, Persian and Turkic influences.

​Ottoman Government System

DEVSHIRME- the Ottomans took young boys, converted them to Islam, trained them for military or political roles, groomed them for leadership.

The system provided a path for SOCIAL MOBILITY - you could change your social status by training in the Devshirme system.

The goal was to create a loyal warrior and political structure; the boys would be more loyal to the Sultan and Islam than to their families.

Multiple Choice

What were Christian boys who were taken by the Ottomans and converted to Islam called? They later became a powerful political and military tool.

• Shawarma

• Dervishes

• Janissaries

• Templars

Multiple Choice

How would you describe the political structure of the Ottoman Empire?

• Democratic

• Republic with an Emperor

• Sultanate with Absolute Authority

• Military Junta

Multiple Choice

Training kidnapped boys to become powerful leaders and soldiers was a part of the ___ system.

• Devshirme

• Janitorial

• Anatolian

• Imperial

Open Ended

Why do you think the Ottoman system of Devshirme was successful in creating a powerful political regime and military force?

Ottoman's Economy

Since the Ottoman Empire controlled ports of entry in the Mediterranean and trade from Asia, they acted as "middle men."

They taxed travelers who wished to do business in their Empire.

Tax Travelers Wanting to Trade

In the Ottoman Empire, if you were not Muslim and wished to continue following Christianity or Judaism, you had to pay a heavy tax.

Tax Christians & Jews

Wheat, Barley
Grapes, Dates, Olives
Opium
Cotton
Silk
Textiles
Metalwork

​

Ottoman's Economy

Their heavy taxes and restrictions led countries like Spain and Portugal to seek alternative routes to ASIA.

This leads to European Exploraton and the discovery of the Americas.

​

Ottomans Controlled Trade

Multiple Select

What items did the Ottomans trade? Mark all that apply.

• Olives, grapes, dates

• Textiles, metalwork

• Porcelain, jade

• Silk, cotton, opium

Multiple Choice

How did taxing people for their religion and their use of ports or trade routes affect the Ottoman economy?

• It increased wealth for the Ottomans

• It frustrated Europeans who then sought out other trade routes

• It decreased wealth for the far East (China)

• It strengthened Europe and Ottoman allies.

Open Ended

How did the Ottomans change (impact) their empire's government and economy? Give details from previous slides.

Multiple Choice

Make a prediction, in what year do you think the Ottoman Empire will come to an end? 1453 - ____?

• 1805

• 1750

• 1990

• 1922