Unit 2 Review Cell Processes

​Unit 2 Review - Cell Processes

ACQUIRING ENERGY

• Photosynthesis (plants)
• Cellular Respiration (both plants

and animals)

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

• Photo=?

– Light

• Synthesis=?

– Put together

• Photosynthesis=?

– Put together with light

• Photosynthesis is the process of converting

light energy to chemical energy and storing it
in the bonds of sugar.

Photosynthesis Equation

6CO2 + 6H2O

C6H12O6 + 6O2

Carbon
Dioxide

Water

Glucose Oxygen

Light

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

Reactants of one process....

... are the products of the other process

Anaerobic Fermentation

yeast- Ethyl alcohol

animals- lactic acid

Multiple Choice

Identify the organelle responsible for changing light energy into glucose.

• mitochondira

• chloroplast

• cell wall

• centriole

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the 1st step of cellular respiration?

• Glycolysis
• Kreb's Cycle
• ETC
• Anaerobic respiration

Multiple Choice

Where does glycolysis take place?

• Cytoplasm
• Stroma
• Thylakoid
• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

The waste gas given off by cellular respiration is?

• oxygen
• carbon dioxide
• nitrogen
• methane

Multiple Choice

The splitting of the glucose molecule is called?

• synthesis
• denaturalization
• glycolysis
• dissolving

Multiple Choice

What is the energy molecule?

• DNA
• ATP
• RNA
• AAA

Multiple Choice

What main food group do we get most of our energy from?

• proteins
• carbs
• meats
• nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

After intense activity, your muscles feel sore because of

• the build up of NAD+

• the build up of lactic acid

• the build up of ATP

• the build up of carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

Fermentation enables glycolysis to continue under 

• anaerobic conditions
• aerobic conditions
• photosynthetic conditions
• hydrophobic conditions

Multiple Choice

What type of respiration requires oxygen?

• Aerobic

• Anaerobic

Multiple Choice

The process of fermentation happens ...

• whenever a plant receives direct sunlight.

• when there is too much glucose for aerobic respiration.

• whenever the muscles need more acid.

• when there isn’t enough oxygen for aerobic respiration.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true

• The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.

• The products of photosynthesis are not necessary for respiration to occur.

• The reactants of photosynthesis are also the reactants of cellular respiration.

• The products of photosynthesis are also the products of cellular respiration.

Multiple Choice

Glycolysis results in the net gain of:

• 2 ATP
• 4 ATP
• 4 NADH
• 2 Acetyl CoA

​Diffusion and Facilitated Diffusion

​What kind of molecules are moved?

​When does the transportation stop?

Osmosis​

What kind of molecules are moved?

​

What are the types of osmosis?​

​When does it stop?

​Active Transportation

​What is the main example of active transportation?

How does it move molecules?

​What body system depends on this transportation?

​Endocytosis and Exocytosis

​

​What organelle move the particles?

Multiple Choice

What cell structure is most responsible for maintaining homeostasis in cells?

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

• Cell membrane

• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

What is the cell membrane primarily made of?

• Phospholipid bilayer

• Protein bilayer

• Nucleic acid bilayer

• Carbohydrate bilayer

Multiple Choice

What type of molecules can directly go through the phospholipid bilayer without assistance?

• Very small non-polar molecules

• Large carbohydrates

• Large polar molecules

• Charged ions

Multiple Choice

What is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration called?

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

• Osmosis

• Simple diffusion

Multiple Choice

What type of transport requires energy to move molecules against the concentration gradient?

• Passive transport

• Simple diffusion

• Active transport

• Facilitated diffusion

Multiple Choice

Which molecule powers Active Transport?

• Glucose

• RNA

• DNA

• ATP

Multiple Choice

What is the process called when a cell takes in a large molecule by fusing it with the cell membrane?

• Pinocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Endocytosis

• Phagocytosis

Multiple Choice

What is the term for when large molecule exit a cell?

• Facilitated diffusion

• Endocytosis

• Active transport

• Exocytosis

Multiple Choice

What type of diffusion uses protein channels to help molecules cross the cell membrane?

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

• Simple diffusion

• Osmosis

Multiple Choice

What is the function of aquaporins?

• Transporting glucose

• Facilitating transport of water

• Breaking down ATP

• Pumping sodium and potassium

Multiple Choice

Which example is NOT a form of passive transport?

• Simple diffusion

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

• Osmosis

Multiple Choice

What is the sodium-potassium pump an example of?

• Simple diffusion

• Endocytosis

• Active transport

• Facilitated diffusion

Multiple Choice

Which process is used by amoebas to take in food?

• Active transport

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Facilitated diffusion

Multiple Choice

During diffusion (passive transport) molecules move...

• ...from high to low concentration

• ...from low to high concentration

Multiple Choice

During active transport molecules move...

• ...from high to low concentration

• ...from low to high concentration

Multiple Choice

The diffusion of water across a cell membrane is called...

• Osmosis
• Active Transport

Multiple Choice

Identify the organelle responsible for creating usable energy (ATP) from chemical energy (glucose).

• mitochondria

• centriole

• chloroplast

• cell wall

Multiple Choice

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

• carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight

• oxygen and glucose

• carbon dioxide and glucose

• carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Multiple Choice

What are the products of photosynthesis?

• carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight

• oxygen and glucose

• carbon dioxide and glucose

• carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Multiple Choice

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

• carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight

• oxygen and glucose

• carbon dioxide and glucose

• carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Multiple Choice

What are the products of cellular respiration?

• carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight

• oxygen and glucose

• carbon dioxide and glucose

• carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Multiple Choice

Which of the following types of cellular respiration does NOT require oxygen?

• anaerobic respiration

• aerobic respiration

• light dependent respiration

• light independent respiration

Multiple Choice

Chloroplasts are...

• A type of pigment used for photosynthesis
• The location inside a plant cell where photosynthesis happens
• The location where cellular respiration happens
• Green beans

Multiple Choice

What do plants give off after photosynthesis?

• Oxygen
• carbon
• nitrogen
• hydrogen

Multiple Choice

Plants need ________from the air for photosynthesis

• oxygen
• soil
• carbon dioxide
• sugar

Multiple Choice

The products (what they make) of photosynthesis are

• water and carbon dioxide

• oxygen and water

• sugar and cabon dioxide

• oxygen and sugar (glucose)

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

• to break down food
• to create energy in the body
• to release energy from food
• there is none; it's a waste of time

Multiple Choice

ATP is...

• A form of energy the cell can use that is produced by cellular respiration
• A kind of sugar produced in photosynthesis
• A battery

Multiple Choice

Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?

• hydrogen
• oxygen
• nitrogen
• carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?

• Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
• Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
• Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
• Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

Multiple Select

What is needed for cellular respiration to occur?

• oxygen only

• glucose only

• carbon dioxide

• sunlight

• oxygen and glucose

Multiple Choice

Where do animals get the glucose that is needed for cellular respiration?

• from the exercise they get

• from the water they drink

• from the food they eat

• from the sunlight they get

Multiple Choice

Which of the following perform cellular respiration?

• Animals only

• Plants only

• Both plants and animals

Multiple Choice

Which process occured in test tube 4?

• The plant performed photosynthesis and the snail performed respiration.

• The snail and plant both performed respiration.

• The snail and plant both produced oxygen during photosynthesis.

• Only the snail perfomed respiration.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements in true?

• Test tube 1 has a balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

• Test tube 4 contains oxygen

• Test tube 4 contains carbon dioxide.

• Test tube 3 contains mostly oxygen.

Multiple Choice

The area that the substrate fits into on the enzyme is called the:

• Active Site
• Allosteric Site
• DiSulphide Bridge
• β-Pleated Sheet

Multiple Choice

Enzymes catalyze reactions by ___________ Activation Energy.

• Increasing
• Decreasing

Multiple Choice

What is being represented by the letter B in the image?

• Substrate
• Enzyme
• Substrate
• Product

Multiple Choice

Enzymes speed up reaction rates by changing:

• Activation Energy
• pH
• Hydrogen Bonds
• Kinetic Energy

Multiple Choice

At high temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:

• Denaturation
• Decreased Kinetic Motion
• Increased H-Bonding
• Dissociation of Ionic Compounds

Multiple Choice

Most enzymes have the ending:

• -ase
• -ose
• -ic acid
• -ate

Multiple Choice

The molecule an enzyme is working on is called the:

• Substrate
• Solvent
• Allosteric Inhibitor
• CoEnzyme

Multiple Choice

What is energy?

• moving energy

• stored energy

• renewable energy

• The ability to do work.

Multiple Choice

What are the parts of the ATP molecule?

• adenine, thylakoids, stroma
• stroma, grana, chlorophyll
• adenine, ribose, phosphate groups
• NADH, NAHPH, FADH

Multiple Choice

Which bond of the ATP molecule is broken in order to release energy?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

ADP is an abbreviation for:

• aniline diphosphate.
• adenine diphosphate.
• adenosine diphosphate.
• adenosine triphosphate.

Multiple Choice

What is the function of ATP in living things?

• provides energy for cells
• stores genetic information
• provides structure in the nucleus

Multiple Choice

Which of the following can be compared to a battery in need of recharging?  (empty wallet)

• ADP
• ATP
• Ribose
• Adenosine

Multiple Choice

Which cellular organelle is responsible for manufacturing ATP?

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

Multiple Choice

Which form of cellular transport requires would not occur if there were no ATP present

• Active Transport

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Facilitated Diffusion

Multiple Choice

Which is considered to be a lower energy molecule?

• ARP
• AGT
• ATP
• ADP

Multiple Choice

Muscles use a lot of cellular energy because they are highly functional. Which organelle would be in abundant to provide that energy?

• Nucleus
• Endoplasmic 
• Vacuole
• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

What is being represented by the letter A in the image?

• Substrate
• Enzyme
• Product
• Complex