The Internet

​The Internet

By Barbara Anderson

The Internet

​The network or networks

Any computer can. join the internet as long as they follow the rules, or set of protocols that govern how the Internet works.

Connections

Each device must connect to the internet using one of the following techiques:
Fiber Optic cable (uses light)
Copper cable (uses electricity)
Wireless connection (radio waves)

Multiple Choice

What does any device have to have to access the Internet?

• A connection

• A mouse

• A speaker

• A keyboard

Multiple Choice

Which type of connection is the fastest?

• Wireless

• Copper

• Fiber Optic

• Coaxil

IP ​Protocol

The IP protocol is a set of rules for sending and receiving data, using unique IP addresses to route data packets across networks
IPv4 - 32 bit protocol (ex. 129.25.118.75)
IPv6 - 128 bit protocol (ex 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334)

Multiple Choice

Which IP version uses hexidecimal and 128 bits for addresses?

• IP v3

• IP v4

• IP v5

• IP v6

Multiple Choice

Which IP version provides an IP address using four numbers between 0 and 255 separated by . (periods)

Ex: 125.34.212.92

• IP v3

• IP v4

• IP v5

• IP v6

IP Address and DNS

​Domain Name System

It's like the Internet's phone book. It matches Ip addresses with a domain name.
www.youtube.com becomes 114.26.93.42

TCP and UDP

Transmission Control Protocol and User Datagram Protocol

TCP - a reliable, connection-oriented protocol for accuracy (for reliable data transfer)
UDP - a faster, connectionless protocol for speed (for Gaming and Streaming)

TLC - Transport Layer Security

Encrypts data for secure communication, protecting it from being read by unauthorized parties
HTTPS - The S indicates you are on a secure connection if you see it in the URL

HTTP-Hypertext Transfer Protocol

​The foundational protocol for transferring information on the internet, acting as the rulebook for communication between a web browser (the client) and a web server.

The client requests the information and the server provides it back to the client.

Multiple Choice

Which Protocol matches the URL with an IP address?

• TCP

• IP

• UDP

• HTTP

Multiple Choice

Which protocol makes sure packets arrive at their destination and checks to see if they need to be resent due to loss of data?

• TCP

• IP

• HTTP

• TLS

Multiple Choice

Which protocol ensures a secure connection so that you know your data will be private?

• TCP

• IP

• UDP

• TLS

Anatomy of a Domain Name

​Top, 2nd, and 3rd Level Domains

www.es.khanacademy.org
.org - top level domain
kahanacademy - 2nd Level Domain
.es - 3rd level Domain (Spanish version of Khan Academy)

Multiple Choice

www.es.khanacademy.org

What is the top-level domain?

• es

• khanacademy

• .org