LITHOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE

Multiple Choice

What is the lithosphere composed of?

• Crust and upper mantle

• Core and mantle

• Mantle and asthenosphere

• Crust and core

Multiple Choice

This layer of the earth is made up of soft solid rock that flows in convection currents.

• crust
• lithosphere
• asthenosphere
• outer core

Categorize

Options (14)

Formed by intense heat.

Can be found by volcanoes.

Often has a glassy texture.

Formed by the accumulation of sediments.

May have visible layers or bedding.

Can be found in riverbeds, lakes, and oceans.

Formed by intense heat and pressure.

Has crystals due to all the heat.

Organize these options into the right categories

Igneous Rock

Sedimentary Rock

Metamorphic Rock

Multiple Choice

What type of weathering does this image display?

• physical
• chemical

Multiple Choice

What is the process of frost wedging as described in the image?

• Water enters small cracks in the rock

• Water evaporates from the cracks

• Cracks are filled with soil

• Rocks are heated to expand

Multiple Choice

How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?

• It keeps the rocks in place.

• It expands cracks and breaks rocks.

• It makes the rocks last longer

• It causes rocks to fall in landslides

Multiple Choice

What happens to clay when it is wet and dry?

• It becomes stronger

• It expands and shrinks

• It remains the same

• It dissolves in water

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Multiple Choice

What is the process of breaking down rocks or other material into smaller pieces?

• erosion
• weathering
• compaction
• cementation

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT true about the lithosphere?

• It has the same thickness everywhere

• It is the outermost part of the earth

• It is composed of the continents and the ocean floor

• It varies in thickness

Multiple Choice

Which of the following facts are NOT based on the picture?

• Continental crust is thicker than oceanic crust

• Oceanic crust is denser than the continental crust

• The layer below the crust is the upper mantle

• The Lithosphere is composed of the crust and the upper mantle

Multiple Choice

What do you call the broken segments that make up the lithosphere?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Core

• Plates

Multiple Choice

A type of weathering that involves a change in the composition of the rock.

• chemical

• mechanical

• both chemical and mechanical

• physical

Multiple Choice

They cause weathering by scratching on the rocks’ surface as they walk or run around.

• animals

• plants

• water

• wind

Multiple Choice

This happens to a rock when it is exposed to a higher temperature.

• contracts

• evaporates

• expands

• sinks

Multiple Choice

What type of physical or mechanical weathering is shown in the photograph?

• Root Wedging

• Frost Wedging

  Ice Wedging

  Frost Wedging

• Differential Weathering

• Exfoliation

Multiple Choice

What type of physical or mechanical weathering is shown in the photograph?

• Root Wedging

• Frost Wedging

  Ice Wedging

  Frost Wedging

• Differential Weathering

• Exfoliation

Multiple Choice

What type of physical or mechanical weathering is shown in the photograph?

• Root Wedging

• Frost Wedging

  Ice Wedging

  Frost Wedging

• Differential Weathering

• Exfoliation

Multiple Choice

plants can cause

• chemical weathering

• physical weathering

• both chemical and physical weathering

Multiple Choice

What is erosion?

• The process by which
  water, ice, wind or gravity
  moves fragments of rock
  and soil.
• The process by which
  water, ice, wind or gravity
  deposit rock sediments
  and soil in a new place.
• The breaking down of
  Earth’s crust into smaller
  and smaller pieces.

Multiple Choice

How do plants weather rocks?

• during photosynthesis
• when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
• when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves

Multiple Choice

The type of weathering that is the physical break down of rocks.

• Mechanical

• Ice Wedging

• Roots

• Chemical

• Carbonic Acid

Multiple Choice

When water enters cracks in rocks and freezes, it expands and breaks the rock apart.

• Mechanical

• Ice Wedging

• Roots

• Chemical

• Carbonic Acid

Multiple Choice

The type of weathering that occurs when chemicals react with minerals.

• Mechanical

• Ice Wedging

• Roots

• Chemical

• Carbonic Acid

Multiple Choice

An acid that forms from the result of water mixing with carbon dioxide gas in the air or soil.

• Mechanical

• Ice Wedging

• Roots

• Chemical

• Carbonic Acid

Multiple Choice

The process when water and oxygen combine to form rust.

• Mechanical

• Oxidation

• Desert

• Tropical

• Carbonic Acid

Multiple Choice

Movement of tectonic plates and formation of volcanoes are endogenic processes.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Poll

How confident do you feel about this topic now?

• Very confident
• Somewhat confident
• Not confident

Multiple Choice

What are formed when water vapor condenses?

• Clouds

• Mountains

• Transpiration

• Valleys

Multiple Choice

The ability of a material to transmit water through interconnected pores is called

• capacity
• competence
• permeability
• porosity

Multiple Choice

The change of water from a liquid to a gas.

• evaporation
• precipitation
• condensation
• transpiration

Multiple Choice

How much of the earth's water is freshwater?

• 50 %
• 3 %
• 97 %
• 93 %

Multiple Choice

Ocean's cover what percent of the Earth's surface?

• 70 %
• 60 %
• 10 %
• none of the above

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Multiple Choice

The continuous movement of water from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back again.

• water cycle
• weather
• rock cycle

Multiple Choice

Water that stands or flows across the Earth’s surface.

• Groundwater
• Surface water
• Runoff
• Divide

Multiple Choice

What happens when the water in a geyser's plumbing system becomes superheated?

• It turns into ice

• It acts like a pressure cooker

• It evaporates immediately

• It cools down rapidly

Multiple Choice

Which best explains why runoff is important?

• It returns water to other locations on Earth
• It increases the chance of flooding
• It makes evaporation occur faster
• It increases condensation

Multiple Choice

Snow, sleet, hail, and rain are all examples of  ________________. 

• evaporation
• condensation
• accumulation
• precipitation

Multiple Choice

What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?

• condensation
• evaporation
• sublimation
• transpiration

Multiple Choice

What is B?

• Evaporation
• Condensation
• Precipitation
• Runoff

Multiple Choice

What is water that flows in rivers and streams into the oceans and lakes?

• evaporating
• condensing
• precipitating
• runoff

Multiple Choice

Ocean's cover what percent of the Earth's surface?

• 70 %
• 60 %
• 10 %
• none of the above

Multiple Choice

How much of the earth's water is freshwater?

• 50 %
• 3 %
• 97 %
• 93 %

Multiple Choice

The large, flat part of the ocean floor is called the _____________. 

• trench
• continental shelf
• continental slope
• abyssal plain

Multiple Choice

What is often found at one end of a seamount chain?

• A dormant volcano

• An active volcanic island

• A coral reef

• A deep-sea trench

Multiple Choice

What type of crust does the Mid-Ocean Ridge System create?

• Continental crust

• Oceanic crust

• Volcanic crust

• Sedimentary crust

Multiple Choice

#1

• Seamounts

• Continental Slope

• Continental Rise

• Continental Shelf

Multiple Choice

#2

• Seamounts

• Continental Slope

• Continental Rise

• Continental Shelf

Multiple Choice

#3

• Seamounts

• Continental Slope

• Continental Rise

• Continental Shelf

Multiple Choice

#4

• volcanic island

• Continental Slope

• Abyssal Plain

• Continental Shelf

Multiple Choice

#5

• volcanic island

• Continental Slope

• Abyssal Plain

• Continental Shelf

Multiple Choice

#6

• Continental Slope

• Trench

• Seamounts

• Continental Shelf

Multiple Choice

#7

• Continental Slope

• Trench

• Seamounts

• Continental Shelf

Multiple Choice

What continental landform is most like the oceanic landform seamount?

• canyon
• mountain range
• valley
• volcano

Multiple Choice

This is the deepest part of the ocean basin.

• continental shelf
• trench
• abyssal plain
• mid-ocean ridge

Multiple Choice

This is the steep slope where the continental shelf drops to the bottom of the ocean floor.

• continental shelf
• continental slope
• abyssal plain
• mid-ocean ridge

Multiple Choice

This is located on either side of the mid-ocean ridge.

• continental shelf
• continental slope
• abyssal plain
• trench

Multiple Choice

The edges of the continents slope down from the shore into the ocean.  This the part of the continent located under the water

• continental shelf
• continental slope
• abyssal plain
• mid-ocean ridge

Multiple Choice

On the bottom of the ocean, there is a mountain range that divides the ocean floor into two parts.  This area is also known as underwater volcanic mountains.

• continental shelf
• continental slope
• abyssal plain
• mid-ocean ridge

Multiple Choice

The accumulation of sediment found along the shore of a lake or ocean is called a

• neap tide

• longshore current

• beach

• sea arch

Multiple Choice

Water moves up from the deep during

• upwelling

• downwelling

Multiple Choice

Where are rocky shores found?

• leeward side of an island

• windward side of an island

Multiple Choice

Differences in the moon's and sun's pull on different sides of the Earth cause _________.

• gravity
• lunar phases
• tides
• dabbing

Multiple Choice

The bulge of water on the side of the Earth closest to the moon produces ___________.

• high tide
• low tide
• neap tide
• spring tide

Multiple Choice

Tides are the cycle of rising and falling ocean water that repeats automatically every

• 24 hours

• 12 hours

• 48 hours

• 6hours

Multiple Choice

Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?

• Sun
• Saturn
• Moon 
• Venus

Multiple Choice

What do we call tides that have a smaller range that happen when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other?

• Neap Tide
• Spring Tide
• Larger Change
• Smaller Change

Multiple Choice

What type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?

• full moon tide
• new moon tide
• neap tide
• spring tide

Multiple Choice

How many high tides are there every day?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

Multiple Choice

What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?

• neap tide
• spring tide
• new moon tide
• full moon tide

Poll

How confident do you feel about this topic now?

• Very confident
• Somewhat confident
• Not confident