CASEC : Sano Lesson 1

By Darren Walshe

​say / tell / speak / talk

Word	Focus	Example	Note
say	words	He said hello.	what someone says
tell	person	He told me the time.	needs a person
speak	language / formal talk	She speaks English.	polite/formal
talk	conversation	Let’s talk about it.	casual/friendly

​say / tell / speak / talk

🧩 1️⃣ SAY

Meaning: use words. (Focus on what you say.)

✅ You can say something.
✅ You can say to someone.
❌ You can’t say someone.

​He said he is busy.

Please say hello to your wife.

I can’t say what will happen.

🗣️ Used for: the words only.

​say / tell / speak / talk

🗣️ 2️⃣ TELL

Meaning: give information to someone. (Focus on who you talk to.)✅ You must have a person after “tell.”
Structure: tell + person + (something)

​She told me about her new job.

Please tell your team to come at 9.

He told me a funny story.

🗣️ Used for: giving information or instruction.

​say / tell / speak / talk

💬 3️⃣ SPEAK

Meaning: use your voice or language.

Structure: speak + to/with + person
or speak + language

​I want to speak with my boss.

She spoke at the meeting.

He speaks English and Japanese..

🗣️ Used for: formal or polite communication.

speak slowly / speak clearly / speak English

​say / tell / speak / talk

🗨️ 4️⃣ TALK

Meaning: have a conversation.

Structure: talk + to/with + person
or talk + about + topic

​Let’s talk about the new project.

I talked with my friend yesterday.

We need to talk soon.

🗣️ Used for: friendly or everyday conversation.

talk about work / talk to my boss / small talk

​Practice

Multiple Choice

1. He ______ he was busy this week.

• told

• said

• talked

• spoke

​✅ Answer: b) said
🗝️ 「彼は今週忙しいと言いました。」
Translation: He said he was busy this week.

Multiple Choice

Please ______ your team to join the meeting at 10:00.

• say

• tell

• speak

• talk

​✅ Answer: b) tell
🗝️ 「チームに10時の会議に参加するよう伝えてください。」
Translation: Please tell your team to join the meeting at 10:00.

Multiple Choice

She can ______ English and Indonesian very well.

• say

• tell

• speak

• talk

​✅ Answer: c) speak
🗝️ 「彼女は英語とインドネシア語をとても上手に話せます。」
Translation: She can speak English and Indonesian very well.

Multiple Choice

Let’s ______ about the new project tomorrow.

• say

• tell

• speak

• talk

​✅ Answer: d) talk
🗝️ 「明日、新しいプロジェクトについて話しましょう。」
Translation: Let’s talk about the new project tomorrow.

Multiple Choice

He ______ me a funny story yesterday.

• said

• told

• talked

• spoke

​✅ Answer: b) told
🗝️ 「彼は昨日面白い話をしてくれました。」
Translation: He told me a funny story yesterday.

Multiple Choice

She didn’t ______ anything during the meeting.

• tell

• talk

• say

• speak

​✅ Answer: c) say
🗝️ 「彼女は会議中何も言いませんでした。」
Translation: She didn’t say anything during the meeting.

Multiple Choice

I want to ______ with you after work.

• speak

• tell

• say

• speak

​✅ Answer: d) speak
🗝️ 「仕事のあとであなたと話したいです。」
Translation: I want to speak with you after work.

Multiple Choice

Can we ______ about your trip to Jakarta?

• say

• tell

• speak

• talk

​✅ Answer: d) talk
🗝️ 「あなたのジャカルタ旅行について話してもいいですか？」
Translation: Can we talk about your trip to Jakarta?

Multiple Choice

The manager ______ us to finish the report by Friday.

• told

• said

• talked

• spoke

​✅ Answer: b) told
🗝️ 「マネージャーは金曜日までにレポートを終えるよう私たちに言いました。」
Translation: The manager told us to finish the report by Friday.

Multiple Choice

Everyone ______ “good morning” to the new staff members.

• told

• said

• talked

• spoke

​✅ Answer: a) said
🗝️ 「みんなが新しいスタッフに『おはよう』と言いました。」
Translation: Everyone said “good morning” to the new staff.

​job / work / occupation / profession

English Word	Meaning	Typical Use	Japanese	Example Job
Job	Position	Everyday	仕事 (shigoto)	waiter, clerk
Work	Activity / effort	Everyday	仕事 / 労働 (shigoto / roudou)	doing tasks
Occupation	Type of work (formal)	Forms, official	職業 (shokugyō)	teacher, nurse
Profession	Skilled, qualified job	Academic / formal	専門職 (senmonshoku)	doctor, lawyer

​job / work / occupation / profession

🧱 1. Job (仕事 / しごと / shigoto)

Meaning: A specific position or role you do to earn money.

👉 Usually one position within a company.

I got a new job at a café.
（カフェであたらしいしごとをもらいました。/ kafe de atarashii shigoto o moraimashita.）

​job / work / occupation / profession

Work (仕事 / 労働 / ろうどう / shigoto / roudou)

Meaning: General activity you do to earn money or effort you put into tasks.


👉 “Work” is uncountable — you don’t say a work.

I have a lot of work to do today.
（きょうはしごとがたくさんあります。/ kyou wa shigoto ga takusan arimasu.）

💡 “Work” = the activity itself.
“Job” = the position or title.

​job / work / occupation / profession

Occupation (職業 / しょくぎょう / shokugyō)

Meaning: A more formal or official word for what someone does for a living.

👉 Often used in forms, surveys, or official documents.

Please write your occupation here.
（ここにしょくぎょうをかいてください。/ koko ni shokugyō o kaite kudasai.

​job / work / occupation / profession

Profession (専門職 / せんもんしょく / senmonshoku)

Meaning: A skilled job that requires special training or qualifications.

👉 Examples: doctor, lawyer, teacher, engineer.

Teaching is a noble profession.
（きょうしはりっぱなせんもんしょくです。/ kyōshi wa rippana senmonshoku desu.）

​Practice

Multiple Choice

My father has a good ___ at the bank.

• work

• job

• occupation

• profession

​✅ Answer: b) job
💡 Tip (日本語): 「job」は“会社の中の1つの職”の意味。銀行での仕事＝job。

Multiple Choice

I have too much ___ to do today.
a) job b) work c) profession d) occupation

• job

• work

• ptofession

• occupation

✅ Answer: b) work
💡 Tip: 「work」は“やること・作業”の意味。数えられない（×a work）。

Multiple Choice

Teaching is a very important ___.
a) work b) profession c) job d) occupation

• work

• profession

• job

• occupation

✅ Answer: b) profession
💡 Tip: 「profession」は“専門職”。先生・医者・弁護士など。

Multiple Choice

Please write your ___ on this form.
a) job b) work c) occupation d) profession

• job

• work

• occupation

• profession

✅ Answer: c) occupation
💡 Tip: 「occupation」は“職業”。アンケートや書類で使うフォーマルな言葉。

Multiple Choice

He lost his ___ last month.
a) job b) work c) occupation d) profession

• a) job
• work

• occupation

• profession

✅ Answer: a) job
💡 Tip: 「lose one’s job」＝“仕事を失う”。具体的な職だからjob。。

Multiple Choice

I want to find a new ___.
a) profession b) work c) job d) occupation

• profession

• work

• job

• occupation

✅ Answer: c) job
💡 Tip: 新しいポジションを探す＝job。「a new job」。

Multiple Choice

She does volunteer ___ at the hospital.
a) job b) work c) profession d) occupation

• job

• work

• profession

• occupation

✅ Answer: b) work
💡 Tip: 「volunteer work」＝“ボランティア活動”。お金をもらわない活動。

Multiple Choice

Medicine is a difficult ___.
a) work b) job c) occupation d) profession

• work

• job

• occupation

• profession

✅ Answer: d) profession
💡 Tip: 医者など専門知識が必要な職＝profession。

Multiple Choice

What’s your ___? — I’m an engineer.
a) work b) job c) occupation d) profession

• work

• job

• occupation

• profession

✅ Answer: c) occupation
💡 Tip: フォーマルな質問「あなたの職業は何ですか？」＝occupation。。

Multiple Choice

He wants to enter the legal ___.
a) job b) work c) occupation d) profession

• job

• work

• occupation

• profession

✅ Answer: d) profession
💡 Tip: 「legal profession」＝“法律関係の専門職”。弁護士など。

​🎯 achieve / reach / accomplish / attain

Word	Focus	Example Phrase	Japanese
achieve	成果・目標を達成	achieve results / goals	達成する
reach	数値・合意に到達	reach a number / agreement	到達する
accomplish	タスクを完了	accomplish tasks / objectives	成し遂げる
attain	地位・レベルに到達	attain a position / respect	獲得する・到達する

​ achieve / reach / accomplish / attain

🧱 Achieve (達成する / たっせいする / tassei suru)

Meaning: To succeed in doing something important after effort or planning.

👉 Used for goals, results, success — the final outcome of hard work.

Example:

We achieved our sales goal this month.
（こんげつのえいぎょうもくひょうをたっせいしました。
kongetsu no eigyō mokuhyō o tassei shimashita.）

💡 “Achieve” = to reach success or a goal after trying hard.

​ achieve / reach / accomplish / attain

⚙️ Reach (到達する / とうたつする / tōtatsu suru)

Meaning: To arrive at a level, number, or agreement.

👉 Focus on getting to a point — like a target, number, or destination.

Example:

We reached an agreement with the Indonesian company.
（インドネシアのかいしゃとごういにとうたつしました / Indonesia no kaisha to gōi ni tōtatsu shimashita.）

💡 “Reach” = to get to a level or result (数字・合意・場所など).

​ achieve / reach / accomplish / attain

💼 Accomplish (成し遂げる / なしとげる / nashitogeru)

Meaning: To successfully finish tasks or duties.
👉 Focuses on completion of specific work or steps.

Example:

The project team accomplished all their tasks on time.

（プロジェクトチームはしめきりまでにすべてのタスクをなしとげました。/ purojekuto chīmu wa shimekiri made ni subete no tasuku o nashitogemashita.）

💡 “Accomplish” = to complete concrete tasks successfully.

​ achieve / reach / accomplish / attain

👩‍💼 4. Attain (獲得する・到達する / かくとくする・とうたつする / kakutoku suru・tōtatsu suru)

Meaning: To gain or reach a high level, position, or goal (formal).

👉 Used for status, rank, or achievement after long effort.

Example:

She attained a senior position in the Jakarta office.

（かのじょはジャカルタしてんでシニアのちいをかくとくしました。/ kanojo wa Jakaruta shiten de shinia no chii o kakutoku shimashita.）

💡 “Attain” = formal word for getting a high position or level (地位・レベルなど).

​Practice

Multiple Choice

Our Jakarta team finally ___ the sales goal for Q2.
a) attained b) accomplished c) reached d) achieved

• attained

• accomplished

• reached

• achieved

✅ Answer: d) achieved
💡 Tip (日本語): 「achieve」は“目標を達成する”。努力の結果で使う自然な表現。

Multiple Choice

After three meetings, we finally ___ an agreement with our Indonesian client.

• achieved

• reached

• accomplished

• attained

✅ Answer: b) reached
💡 Tip: 「reach an agreement」＝“合意に達する”。よく使うビジネスフレーズ

Multiple Choice

The team successfully ___ all their assigned tasks before the deadline.

• attained

• reached

• accomplished

• achieved

✅ Answer: c) accomplished
💡 Tip: 「accomplish」は“タスクをやり遂げる”。具体的な仕事の完了を強調。

Multiple Choice

He worked hard and finally ___ a management position at the Jakarta office.

• reached

• attained

• achieved

• accomplished

✅ Answer: b) attained
💡 Tip: 「attain a position」＝“地位を得る”。フォーマルでキャリアに合う言い方。

Multiple Choice

We need to set clear goals if we want to ___ success in Indonesia.

• reach

• accomplish

• attain

• achieve

✅ Answer: d) achieve
💡 Tip: 「achieve success」＝“成功を達成する”。ビジネスで最も一般的。

Multiple Choice

The new advertising campaign helped us ___ 10,000 new customers.

• reach

• achieve

• accomplish

• attain

✅ Answer: a) reach
💡 Tip: 数字・レベルなどに「reach」。“1万の顧客に到達する”。

Multiple Choice

The Jakarta project team ___ great results thanks to their cooperation.

• accomplished

• attained

• reached

• achieved

✅ Answer: b) achieved
💡 Tip: 「achieve results」＝“成果を上げる”。成果・実績に使う定番表現。

Multiple Choice

After years of experience, she ___ a high level of trust from her Indonesian colleagues.

• reached

• accomplished

• attained

• achieved

✅ Answer: b) attained
💡 Tip: 「attain trust / respect」＝“信頼・尊敬を得る”。長期努力の結果に。

Multiple Choice

We finally ___ all our project objectives this quarter.

• accomplished

• attained

• achieved

• reached

✅ Answer: b) accomplished
💡 Tip: 「accomplish objectives」＝“目標を完了する”。具体的なタスク完了のときに使う。

Multiple Choice

Our company hopes to ___ a stronger presence in the Southeast Asian market.

• accomplish

• attain

• achieve

• reach

✅ Answer: c) achieve
💡 Tip: 「achieve a presence」＝“存在感を確立する”。ビジネス戦略の場面で自然。