Bio Tech - Virus

Multiple Choice

Who concluded in 1935 that TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus) is a chemical rather than an organism?

• Louis Pasteur

• Wendell Stanley

• Edward Jenner

• Alexander Fleming

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between viruses and bacteria in terms of their ability to exhibit life characteristics?

• Viruses can only exhibit life characteristics inside their host cells, while bacteria can do so independently.

• Bacteria can only exhibit life characteristics inside their host cells, while viruses can do so independently.

• Both viruses and bacteria can only exhibit life characteristics inside their host cells.

• Neither viruses nor bacteria can exhibit life characteristics.

Multiple Choice

The protein subunit of a viral capsid

• capsid

• nucleocapsid

• capsomere

• peplomers

Multiple Choice

Projecting spikes on the surface of a viral envelope

• capsid

• nucleocapsid

• capsomere

• peplomers

Multiple Select

Which of the following are components of the viral envelope?

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Glycoproteins

• Capsomeres

Multiple Choice

A protein shell that surrounds and protects the nucleic acid.

• capsid

• nucleocapsid

• capsomere

• peplomers

Multiple Choice

Based on the diagram, which structure is present in both naked and enveloped viruses?

• Capsid

• Envelope

• Peplomers

• Glycoproteins

Fill in the Blanks

A single virus particle that has reached full infectivity outside the cell is called a

.

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme do retroviruses use to copy their RNA into the DNA of a host cell?

• Reverse transcriptase

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Ligase

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes an icosahedral viral shape?

• A capsid with a central cavity or hollow tube made by proteins

• A structure that appears spherical and is made up of equilateral triangles

• A polyhedron capsid attached to a helical tail

• A structure surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a characteristics of viral shapes?

• Helical viruses have a central cavity or hollow tube made by proteins.

• Icosahedral viruses appear spherical and are made up of equilateral triangles.

• Envelope viruses have only a helical structure.

• Complex viruses have a polyhedron capsid attached to a helical tail.

Multiple Choice

Virus that attacks bacteria

• zoophaginae

• retroviridae

• bacteriophage

• phytopaginae

Fill in the Blanks

The viral group that attacks plants is called

.

Multiple Choice

RNA containing virus

• zoophaginae

• retroviridae

• bacteriophage

• phytopaginae

Multiple Choice

Why has the life cycle of bacteriophages been a good model for understanding how viruses affect the cells they infect?

• Because bacteriophages only infect prokaryotic cells

• Because similar processes are observed in eukaryotic viruses

• Because bacteriophages do not cause cell death

• Because bacteriophages are not viruses

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the viral replication cycle?

• Adsorption

• Penetration

• Translation

• Maturation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about virulent and temperate phages is correct?

• Virulent phages integrate into the host genome and remain dormant

• Temperate phages always cause immediate cell lysis

• Virulent phages typically lead to cell death through lysis

• Temperate phages cannot replicate with the cell genome

Multiple Select

Select all features that are characteristic of the lytic cycle of viral infection.

• Viral DNA integrates into the host genome and remains dormant

• The virus replicates and produces progeny phages

• Symptoms of viral infection are present

• The host cell survives and continues to divide

Fill in the Blanks

Phages that replicate using both lytic and lysogenic cycles are known as

phages.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of the lysogenic cycle?

• Viral DNA merges with cell DNA and does not destroy the cell.

• The virus does not produce progeny.

• There are symptoms of viral infection.

• Temperate viral replication takes place.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the lysogenic cycle of viruses?

• The viral DNA integrates into the host DNA and may remain dormant.

• The viral DNA immediately destroys the host cell.

• The virus produces symptoms right away.

• The virus cannot integrate with host DNA.

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles of viral replication?

• Lytic cycle destroys the host cell, lysogenic cycle does not.

• Lysogenic cycle produces new viruses immediately.

• Lytic cycle integrates viral DNA into host DNA.

• Lysogenic cycle always causes symptoms.

Multiple Choice

Why do some viruses only infect specific types of cells?

• Due to the origin of the virus and compatibility with host cell genes.

• Because all viruses infect all cell types.

• Because viruses are visible under a microscope.

• Because viruses are always harmful to animals.

Multiple Choice

Contains nucleic acid but do not have proteins

• progeny

• virion

• prion

• viroid

Multiple Choice

Mature virus is called ____

• progeny

• virion

• prion

• viroid

Multiple Choice

Contain protein but do not have nucleic acid

• progeny

• virion

• prion

• viroid

Multiple Choice

What did Wendell Stanley conclude about TMV in 1935?

• That TMV is a living organism

• That TMV is a chemical rather than an organism

• That TMV is composed of DNA and protein

• That TMV can infect only animals

Multiple Choice

Vaccines that are active viruses that have been cultivated under condition that disable their virulent properties

• virulent

• inactivated

• attenuated

• temperate