Bio Tech - Virus

Multiple Choice

Who concluded in 1935 that TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus) is a chemical rather than an organism?

• Louis Pasteur

• Wendell Stanley

• Edward Jenner

• Alexander Fleming

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between viruses and bacteria in terms of their ability to exhibit life characteristics?

• Viruses can only exhibit life characteristics inside their host cells, while bacteria can do so independently.

• Bacteria can only exhibit life characteristics inside their host cells, while viruses can do so independently.

• Both viruses and bacteria can only exhibit life characteristics inside their host cells.

• Neither viruses nor bacteria can exhibit life characteristics.

Multiple Choice

The protein subunit of a viral capsid

• capsid

• nucleocapsid

• capsomere

• peplomers

Multiple Choice

Projecting spikes on the surface of a viral envelope

• capsid

• nucleocapsid

• capsomere

• peplomers

Multiple Select

Which of the following are components of the viral envelope?

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Glycoproteins

• Capsomeres

Multiple Choice

A protein shell that surrounds and protects the nucleic acid.

• capsid

• nucleocapsid

• capsomere

• peplomers

Multiple Choice

Based on the diagram, which structure is present in both naked and enveloped viruses?

• Capsid

• Envelope

• Peplomers

• Glycoproteins

Fill in the Blank

A single virus particle that has reached full infectivity outside the cell is called a ___.

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme do retroviruses use to copy their RNA into the DNA of a host cell?

• Reverse transcriptase

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Ligase

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes an icosahedral viral shape?

• A capsid with a central cavity or hollow tube made by proteins

• A structure that appears spherical and is made up of equilateral triangles

• A polyhedron capsid attached to a helical tail

• A structure surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a characteristics of viral shapes?

• Helical viruses have a central cavity or hollow tube made by proteins.

• Icosahedral viruses appear spherical and are made up of equilateral triangles.

• Envelope viruses have only a helical structure.

• Complex viruses have a polyhedron capsid attached to a helical tail.

Multiple Choice

Virus that attacks bacteria

• zoophaginae

• retroviridae

• bacteriophage

• phytopaginae

Fill in the Blank

The viral group that attacks plants is called ___.

Multiple Choice

RNA containing virus

• zoophaginae

• retroviridae

• bacteriophage

• phytopaginae

Multiple Choice

Why has the life cycle of bacteriophages been a good model for understanding how viruses affect the cells they infect?

• Because bacteriophages only infect prokaryotic cells

• Because similar processes are observed in eukaryotic viruses

• Because bacteriophages do not cause cell death

• Because bacteriophages are not viruses

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the viral replication cycle?

• Adsorption

• Penetration

• Translation

• Maturation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about virulent and temperate phages is correct?

• Virulent phages integrate into the host genome and remain dormant

• Temperate phages always cause immediate cell lysis

• Virulent phages typically lead to cell death through lysis

• Temperate phages cannot replicate with the cell genome

Multiple Select

Select all features that are characteristic of the lytic cycle of viral infection.

• Viral DNA integrates into the host genome and remains dormant

• The virus replicates and produces progeny phages

• Symptoms of viral infection are present

• The host cell survives and continues to divide

Fill in the Blank

Phages that replicate using both lytic and lysogenic cycles are known as ___ phages.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of the lysogenic cycle?

• Viral DNA merges with cell DNA and does not destroy the cell.

• The virus does not produce progeny.

• There are symptoms of viral infection.

• Temperate viral replication takes place.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the lysogenic cycle of viruses?

• The viral DNA integrates into the host DNA and may remain dormant.

• The viral DNA immediately destroys the host cell.

• The virus produces symptoms right away.

• The virus cannot integrate with host DNA.

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles of viral replication?

• Lytic cycle destroys the host cell, lysogenic cycle does not.

• Lysogenic cycle produces new viruses immediately.

• Lytic cycle integrates viral DNA into host DNA.

• Lysogenic cycle always causes symptoms.

Multiple Choice

Why do some viruses only infect specific types of cells?

• Due to the origin of the virus and compatibility with host cell genes.

• Because all viruses infect all cell types.

• Because viruses are visible under a microscope.

• Because viruses are always harmful to animals.

Multiple Choice

Contains nucleic acid but do not have proteins

• progeny

• virion

• prion

• viroid

Multiple Choice

Mature virus is called ____

• progeny

• virion

• prion

• viroid

Multiple Choice

Contain protein but do not have nucleic acid

• progeny

• virion

• prion

• viroid

Multiple Choice

What did Wendell Stanley conclude about TMV in 1935?

• That TMV is a living organism

• That TMV is a chemical rather than an organism

• That TMV is composed of DNA and protein

• That TMV can infect only animals

Multiple Choice

Vaccines that are active viruses that have been cultivated under condition that disable their virulent properties

• virulent

• inactivated

• attenuated

• temperate