Molbio_Module 4_Gene Mutation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a reason why mutations might occur in genes?

• Exposure to radiation

• Stable environment

• Lack of cell division

• Absence of DNA

Open Ended

Why is understanding gene mutation important in the study of genetics?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a way gene mutation may occur?

• A single base change

• Deletion or insertion of bases

• Rearrangement of DNA segments

• Duplication of chromosomes

Open Ended

Explain how gene mutations can both negatively and positively impact an organism. Use examples from the slides to support your answer.

Multiple Select

Select all statements that correctly describe hereditary (germline) mutations.

• They are present in egg or sperm cells.

• They are found only in some cells of the child.

• They are passed on to offspring.

• They can cause cystic fibrosis.

Multiple Choice

Which type of gene mutation arises in a parent’s gamete or early embryo and is not present in the parents?

• Hereditary (Germline) Mutation

• Acquired (Somatic) Mutation

• De Novo Mutation

• Mosaicism

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes mosaicism?

• A mutation that occurs after fertilization, leading to a mixture of normal and mutated cells.

• A mutation present in all cells from conception.

• A mutation that only affects germ cells.

• A mutation that only occurs due to environmental factors.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are major causes of gene mutation?

• Errors in DNA replication

• Errors in DNA recombination

• Chemical mutagens

• Radiation exposure

Open Ended

Explain how errors in DNA replication can lead to point mutations and how the cell attempts to correct these errors.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a common chemical mutagen that can damage DNA?

• Pesticides

• Cigarette smoke

• Drugs

• Water

Multiple Choice

What is a specific effect of UV radiation on DNA in skin cells?

• It causes thymine dimers to form.

• It causes adenine to pair with cytosine.

• It breaks down the entire DNA molecule.

• It prevents DNA replication completely.

Multiple Choice

Which mutation is most likely to cause uncontrolled cell growth or tumor formation?

• Somatic mutation

• Point mutation

• Copy number variation

• Chromosomal mutation

Open Ended

Describe how a substitution point mutation can lead to a genetic disease, using an example from the provided material.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are types of chromosomal mutations?

• Inversion

• Deletion

• Duplication

• Translocation

Open Ended

Explain the difference between chromosomal mutation and copy number variation (CNV), providing an example of a disease associated with each.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a point mutation?

• Sickle-cell anemia

• Breast cancer

• Cri du chat syndrome

• Leukemia

Open Ended

Explain the difference between inherited and acquired gene mutations, and provide an example of each.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a cause of gene mutations?

• Replication errors

• Chemicals

• Radiation

• Viral infection

Open Ended

Reflecting on today's lesson, how would you explain the importance of understanding gene mutations in genetics and medicine?