Protein Synthesis and Codon Chart Notes

Multiple Choice

mRNA is made from what?

• proteins

• DNA

• mitochondria

• Sugar

Multiple Choice

Segments of DNA are called _______________________

• Genes

• Alleles

• Traits

• Chromosomes

Multiple Choice

Why is DNA important?

• it is very small and very complicated

• it's in everything

• it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

• because we eat it every day for energy

Multiple Choice

What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?

• the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
• the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
• the color of the nitrogen bases
• the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases

Multiple Choice

Transcription goes from:

• DNA to DNA

• DNA to Protein

• DNA to RNA

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What is the goal of the central dogma?

• To create DNA

• To create RNA

• To create proteins

Multiple Choice

Which term describes the process of taking the genetic information from mRNA and creating an amino acid chain to form proteins?

• DNA replication

• Transcription

• Translation

Multiple Choice

The "central dogma" states that genetic information flows from 

• Protein-->mRNA-->DNA
• Protein-->DNA-->mRNA
• mRNA-->DNA-->Protein
• DNA-->mRNA-->Protein

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Multiple Choice

What is occurring in this picture?

• Translation
• Replication
• Translocation
• Transcription

Multiple Choice

Which of the following enzymes is needed for Transcription?

• Helicase

• DNA Polymeras

• RNA Polymerase

• Ligase

• Topoisomerase

Multiple Choice

Where does transcription take place?

• nucleus
• ribosome
• cytoplasm
• smooth ER

Multiple Choice

During transcription which of the following does NOT happen?

• Formation of mRNA
• Binding of RNA polymerase to DNA
• Separation of DNA strands
• Synthesis of a new DNA strand

Multiple Choice

What is the complimentary mRNA sequence to the DNA sequence A-T-T-G-C-A.

• T-A-A-C-G-T
• U-A-A-C-G-T
• U-A-A-C-G-U
• T-A-A-G-C-U

Multiple Select

During TRANSCRIPTION, as the DNA is being read which nucleotides are being used to build the RNA? (mark all that apply)

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Uracil

Multiple Choice

Which RNA carries the message from the DNA molecule out of the nucleus?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 

• AUGCUU 
• ATGCTT
• GCATCC
• GCAUCC

Multiple Choice

Transcription is a process that in eukaryotic cells takes place in the:

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Golgi Apparatus

• Rough E.R.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the process of translation and where does it occur?

• to synthesize amino acids in the nucleus

• to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in the ribosome

• to replicate the DNA of an organism in the ribosome

Multiple Choice

What is the job of tRNA?

• assembles amino acids

• transfers the message from the genetic code

• transfers the amino acids to the ribosome

Multiple Choice

Where does tRNA bring an amino acid to?

• nucleus

• ribosome

• rough endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of proteins called?

• DNA
• RNA
• Ribosomes
• Amino Acids

Multiple Choice

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

• To replicate DNA

• To synthesize lipids

• To synthesize proteins

• To modify proteins

Multiple Choice

What is the job of rRNA?

• rRNA is responsible for storing genetic information
• rRNA helps in cell division
• rRNA is involved in energy production
• rRNA helps build proteins

Multiple Choice

What process is going on in this photo?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

• All the above

Dropdown

Label this image:

1= ​

Select answer

2= ​

Select answer

4= ​

Select answer

7= ​

Select answer

Multiple Choice

What is a Codon?

• 4 base pairs that transfer to amino acids
• 3 base pairs that transfer to amino acids
• 3 base pairs that transfer to DNA
• 3 base pairs that transfer to mRNA

Multiple Choice

Which is the mRNA molecule that would be transcribed from this DNA template:
TGGCAAGTACGT

• ACCGTTCATGCA
• UGGCAAGUACGU
• UCCGUUCUUGCU
• ACCGUUCAUGCA

Multiple Choice

If a strand of DNA had bases in the following order - ATCCGTC, what would be the transcribed mRNA sequence?

• TAGGCAG

• UAGGCAG

• TUGGCUG

• None of the above are correct

Multiple Choice

How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA

• 4
• 2
• 6
• 12

Multiple Choice

What ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain during translation?

• The matching of the tRNA anticodon with the mRNA codon

• The sequence of DNA

• The size of the ribosome

• The type of amino acid

Multiple Choice

How many nucleotides equal make up a codon?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

By Rebecca Parchman-Hitch

Multiple Choice

(Practice) CAC Codes for ________

• histidine

• proline

• valine

Multiple Choice

(Practice) UCC Codes for ________

• histidine

• threonine

• serine

Multiple Choice

What is the role of the start codon in protein synthesis?

• It signals the ribosome to stop translation.

• It adds the first amino acid in the protein chain.

• It signals the ribosome to begin translation.

• It marks the site of DNA replication.

Multiple Choice

(Practice) ACG Codes for ________

• histidine

• threonine

• valine

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a codon?

• ATC

• A

• AUC

• AU

Multiple Choice

How many codons equals 1 amino acid?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

How do know when to STOP translating a strand of mRNA?

• you don't

• stop at the end of the strand

• when Metz tells you to

• the codon will read STOP on the codon chart

Multiple Choice

What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?

• Phenylalanine
• Tyrosine
• Leucine
• Stop codon

Multiple Choice

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA

• Met-Pro-Ala-Val
• Met-Pro-Val
• Tyr-Gly-His
• Tyr-Gly-Arg-His

Match

Match the correct process and product with the diagrams below.

Transcription; mRNA

Translation; Protein

Replication; identical DNA strands

• Transcription; mRNA

• Translation; Protein

• Replication; identical DNA strands