Evidence of Evolution Guided Notes

Spiral Review

Multiple Choice

According to this evolutionary tree, birds are LEAST related to: 

• Amphibians
• Sharks
• Ray Finned Fish
• Crocodiles

Multiple Choice

On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the human?

• Frog
• Hare
• Caiman
• Parrot

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would represent a sudden environmental change?

• Wildfire
• Global Warming
• Competition for food
• Desert encroachment 

Multiple Choice

Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?

• Charles Darwin
• Albert Einstein
• Steven Hawking
• Isaac Newton

Multiple Choice

Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

Multiple Choice

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

• To look different from other species.
• To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
• To protect itself against predators.
• To protect itself against prey.

Multiple Choice

Mutations are a change in what?

• DNA
• tRNA
• genotype
• phenotype

Multiple Choice

Genetic differences between organisms of the same species

• Variation
• Adaptation
• Behavior
• Environment

Match

Match the following

• Analogous Structure

• Homologous Structure

• Comparative Embryology

• Molecular biology

• Vestigial Structures

Same function but different structure (wings of a buttrfly and a bird)

Same structure different function (a whale fin and a human arm)

Comparing embryological development of different species

Comparing DNA and amino acid sequences of different species

Structures remaining in the body of an organism that no longer have a function (whale hip)

• Same function but different structure (wings of a buttrfly and a bird)

• Same structure different function (a whale fin and a human arm)

• Comparing embryological development of different species

• Comparing DNA and amino acid sequences of different species

• Structures remaining in the body of an organism that no longer have a function (whale hip)

Multiple Choice

In evolution, these are body parts of species that have similar features.

• Adaptable features

• Vestigial Structures

• Nucleal Structures

• Homologous Structures

Multiple Choice

Why are vestigial structures evidence for evolution?

• They are useful in the organism and show natural selection at work.

• They are not useful in the organism but they were probably useful in some ancestor of that species.

• They show that these organs or behaviors help an organism adapt to new environments

Multiple Choice

Scientists believe horses evolved over a period of 50 million years. How did they change?

• They became much larger

• Their toes eventually were replaced by a hoof

• Their environment changed from a forest to a grassland environment

• all the other answers!

Multiple Choice

How do scientists use embryology to support the theory of evolution?

• Embryos of many species have a lot of similar characteristics when they are first forming showing different creatures must have a common ancestor

• Embryos of many species have very little in common until they start developing for long periods of time

• Features like gills and tails prove that all animals are really just fish

Multiple Choice

What type of structures are these?

• homologous
• vestigial 
• analogous
• fossil

Multiple Choice

Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis (hip) bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

• vestigial structure

• analogous structure

• homologous structure

Multiple Choice

Whales have pelvic bones. What type of structure does this best represent?

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

An anatomical feature that no longer seams to have a purpose in the current form of an organism

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What is an example of a vestigial structure of a HUMAN?

• Femur
• Wisdom Teeth
• Brain
• Finger

Multiple Choice

This image is an example of a(n)

• Variation

• Adaptation

• Mutation

• Evolution

Multiple Choice

An Analogous structure is described as body parts that have a similar function but a similar structure.

Which of the following is an example of an analogous structure

• Bird Wing and Human arm

• Human wing and Whale Flipper

• Bird wing and butterfly wing

• Human arm and butterfly wing