25/26 Rock Cycle Notes

​Uniformitarianism

• Earth is about 4.6 Billion years old

​

• ​The principle of uniformitarianism states that geologic events (Like mountain building or erosion) that happened in the past can be explained by current geologic events.

• Summarized: Its the idea that Earth's features are always changing and the present is an indication to what happened in the past.

Catastrophism - The theory that the Earth has largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope.

Uniformitarianism - The theory that geologic events that occurred in the past can be explained by current geological events

Gradualism - The Earth was created in small
steps over a great period of time

The Present is the key to the Past

Multiple Choice

What is the main idea behind Uniformitarianism?

• Past geological events can be explained by current geological processes.

• Geological events are random and unpredictable.

• Geological events are caused by extraterrestrial phenomena.

• Geological events are unrelated to current processes.

Multiple Choice

Which type of rock is made through fire?

• Sedimentary

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

• Fossilized

Multiple Choice

Which type of rock is generally considered the weakest among the three main types?

• Igneous rocks
• Metamorphic rocks
• Granite rocks
• Sedimentary rocks

Multiple Select

What are the three main groups of rocks classified by geologists?

• Igneous,

• Crystalline

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

Multiple Select

What are the 3 forces that drive the rock cycle?

• The Sun

• Earth's Gravity

• Earth's Internal Heat

• Photosynthesis

• Gamma Radiation

Multiple Choice

What is the continuous process by which rocks are formed, broken down, and reformed into different types?

• The rock cycle
• The geological transformation
• The sedimentary process
• The mineral cycle

Drag and Drop

Scientists who study the forces that make and shape the planet Earth are called ​

Placeholder

.​ ​

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geologists

biologists

physicists

botanists

chemists

pediatricians

podiatrists

Labelling

Label where the three types of rock would be formed

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igneous rock

metamorphic

sedimentary

phasic

intrusive

Multiple Choice

What is the process called that describes the continuous recycling of rocks from one form to another?

• The Water Cycle

• The Rock Cycle

• The Carbon Cycle

• The Life Cycle

Multiple Choice

Which process leads to the formation of igneous rocks in the rock cycle?

• Weathering and erosion.

• Crystallization of magma.

• Compaction and cementation.

• Burial and high pressure.

Labelling

Label the following

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Igneous Rock

Magma / Lava

Metamorphic Rock

Transport & Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

Multiple Choice

What are the two ways rocks are classified?

• Composition and Texture

• Color and Size

• Weight and Density

• Shape and Hardness

Multiple Choice

Which type of rock is formed through the processes of compaction and cementation?

• Igneous Rock

• Sedimentary Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

• Magma

Multiple Choice

What process transforms sediment into sedimentary rock?

• Compaction and Cementation

• Cooling and Melting

• Heat and Pressure

• Weathering and Erosion

Multiple Choice

Which process leads to the formation of sediment in the rock cycle?

• Weathering and Erosion

• Cooling and Melting

• Heat and Pressure

• Compaction and Cementation

Multiple Choice

What process leads to the formation of metamorphic rocks from other types of rocks?

• Cooling

• Heat and Pressure

• Weathering and Erosion

• Compaction and Cementation

Multiple Choice

Metamorphic rocks form from ___.

• igneous rocks
• other metamorphic rocks
• sedimentary rocks
• all types of rocks

Multiple Choice

Which of the following factors contribute to the formation of metamorphic rocks?

• Intense heat and/or pressure deep within the Earth

• Exposure to heat from sunlight

• Cooling and solidifying of magma

• Erosion by water

Multiple Choice

What is molten rock called when it is inside the Earth?

• Lava

• Magma

• Sediment

• Ash

Multiple Choice

What is molten rock called when it is on the Earth's surface?

• Magma

• Lava

• Sediment

• Ash

Labelling

Match the rock type with its description.

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Igneous

Metamorphic

Sedimentary

Labelling

Label the three main types of rocks correctly

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Obsidian

Weathering

Sediment

Sedimentary

Granite

Metamorphic

Deposition

Igneous