Role of DNA in Forensic Science

Multiple Choice

How are radioactive probes used in DNA fingerprinting?

• To amplify DNA

• To label DNA fragments

• To visualize DNA

• To extract DNA

Multiple Choice

Samples of DNA from an eye-color gene of four individuals, W, X, Y, and Z, were cut into pieces using a type of chemical. The results of this procedure are shown in the diagram.
The diagram represents the results of the procedure known as

•  cloning
• chromatography
• gel electrophoresis
• protein sequencing

Multiple Choice

What are the differences between Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) and Short Tandem Repeats (STR) in DNA?

• VNTR sequences are longer than STR sequences

• STR sequences are more variable than VNTR sequences

• VNTR is used for DNA analysis more than STR

• STR sequences are usually 9-80 bases in length

Multiple Choice

What are the two types of data analyzed in DNA profiling for tissue matching and inheritance matching?

• VNTR and STR

• DNA and RNA

• Protein and Lipid

• Chromosome and Gene

Multiple Choice

Which male is the father of this child?

• Male 1

• Male 2

• Neither could be the father.

Multiple Choice

Based on these results, whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?

• Bob

• Sue

• John

• Lisa

Multiple Choice

Which suspect's DNA was found at the crime scene?

• Suspect #1

• Suspect #2

• Suspect #3

Multiple Choice

The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel

electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information matches the genetic information from both parents.

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.

Multiple Choice

The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel

electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information matches the genetic information from both parents.

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.

Multiple Choice

A hospital wants to identify the parents of a baby. Based on the DNA fingerprints, which couple is most likely the parents of the baby?

• Couple W

• Couple X

• Couple Y

• Couple Z

Multiple Choice

Pattern of DNA fragments obtained by examining a person's unique sequence of DNA pairs.

• DNA Fingerprint

• Allele

• Chromosome

Multiple Choice

A molecule that cuts a DNA molecule at a specific, base sequence.

• Allele

• Restriction Enzyme

• DNA Probe

Multiple Choice

Tandem repeats of short DNA sequences with varying numbers of repeats found among individuals.

• STR (Short Tandem Repeat)

• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

• VNTR (Variable number of Tandem Repeats)

Multiple Choice

DNA fingerprinting works because

• Most genes are dominant

• All organisms contain RNA

• The most important genes are different among most people

• No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 

Multiple Choice

Which male is the likely father?

• Male 1
• Male 2

Multiple Choice

DNA is recovered from a suspected dead soldier.  Which Parents are the likely parents of the soldier?

• Parents C and D
• Parents E and F
• Parents A and B
• Parents G and H

Multiple Choice

Which suspect’s DNA matches the felon’s DNA left at the crime scene?

• Suspect 1
• Suspect 2
• Suspect 3

Multiple Choice

A method of separating molecules, such as DNA, according to their size and electrical charge.

• Electrophoresis

• DNA Fingerprint

• DNA Probe

Multiple Choice

Why do the fragments of DNA in gel electrophoresis travel away from the negative electrode?

• DNA is negatively charged so attracted to the positive end of the unit

• DNA is positively charged to attracted to the negative end of the unit

• the agarose gel in negatively charged

• the agarose gel is positively charged

Multiple Choice

In gel electrophoresis, the largest DNA fragment will appear

• closest to the starting wells
• farthest from the starting wells
• three quarters away from the starting wells
• it depends on how many fragments there are

Multiple Choice

A cell structure that contains genetic information along strands of DNA.

• Allele

• Chromosome

• DNA

Multiple Choice

A method used to rapidly make multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA.

• PCR (Polymerse Chain Reaction)

• Electrophoresis

• DNA Probe

Multiple Choice

Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

• deoxyribose sugar and adenine
• deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
• deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
• deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

Multiple Choice

Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?

• polar bonds
• ionic bonds
• covalent bonds
• hydrogen bonds

Multiple Choice

What are the 4 nitrogen bases?

• adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
• adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose

Multiple Choice

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG

• ATG TGA CAG
• TAC ACT GTC
• GTA AGT GAC
• CAT TCA CTG

Multiple Choice

What are the steps to avoid contamination in the collection and preservation of DNA?

• Use disposable gloves and collection instruments

• Avoid physical contact, talking, sneezing, and coughing

• Air-dry evidence and put it into new paper bags

• Keep evidence cool and dry during transportation

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of mixing DNA with special enzymes in the process of preparing DNA samples for fingerprinting?

• To cut the DNA into fragments

• To amplify the DNA

• To stain the DNA

• To preserve the DNA

Multiple Choice

What are the steps involved in preparing DNA samples for fingerprinting?

• Isolating cells from biological evidence

• Disrupting cells to release DNA

• Extracting DNA from the cell nucleus

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What are DNA probes used for?

• To identify unique sequences in a person's DNA

• To create synthetic DNA bases

• To bind to non-complementary bases

• To analyze RNA sequences

Multiple Choice

What are the applications of DNA fingerprinting?

• Match crime scene DNA with a suspect

• Determine paternity

• Eliminate a suspect

• Identify human remains

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of junk DNA in DNA identification?

• It contains coding sequences

• It is used for energy production

• It contains unique patterns for identification

• It is irrelevant to DNA analysis