Heart lecture

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the heart is directly responsible for the contraction of the heart muscle?

• Epicardium

• Endocardium

• Myocardium

• Pericardial sac

Labelling

Drag the correct labels to their location on the heart. Place the terms on the numbers.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Left ventricle

Left atrium

Inferior vena cava

Right atrium

Pulmonary veins

Right ventricle

Superior vena cava

Pulmonary artery

Aorta

Labelling

Drag the correct labels to their location on the heart. Place the terms on the numbers.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Aortic semilunar valve

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Tricuspid valve

Bicuspid valve

Match

Match the following.

• cone shaped muscles that anchor chordae tendineae

• ridges of myocardium in the ventricular walls​

• fibrous cords that anchor valves between the atria and ventricles ​

• ridges of myocardium in the atrial walls​

Papillary Muscles

Trabeculae Carneae

Chordae Tendineae

Pectinate Muscles

• Papillary Muscles

• Trabeculae Carneae

• Chordae Tendineae

• Pectinate Muscles

Multiple Choice

Which of the following valves is also known as the bicuspid valve?

• Mitral valve

• Tricuspid valve

• Aortic valve

• Pulmonary valve

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about heart sounds is correct?

• The first heart sound occurs when AV valves close.

• The second heart sound occurs when AV valves open.

• Murmurs are normal heart sounds.

• Stenosis is due to leaky valves.

Match

Match the following

• takes oxygen poor blood away from the heart to the lungs

• takes oxygen rich blood away from the heart to the whole body

• brings oxygen poor blood from the body back to the heart and empties into the right atrium

• brings oxygen rich blood back to the heart from the lungs and empties into the left atrium

Pulmonary Artery

Aorta

Superior and Inferior Vena Cavas

Pulmonary Veins

• Pulmonary Artery

• Aorta

• Superior and Inferior Vena Cavas

• Pulmonary Veins

Reorder

List the pathway of blood through the right side of the heart.

• right atrium

• tricuspid valve

• right ventricle

• pulmonary semilunar valve

• pulmonary artery

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Reorder

List the pathway of blood through the left side of the heart.

• left atrium

• bicuspid valve

• left ventricle

• aortic semilunar valve

• aorta

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cardiac muscle contraction?

• It is self-excitable (automaticity).

• It contracts as a unit due to intercalated discs and gap junctions.

• It has a long absolute refractory period.

• It is prone to fatigue.

Multiple Choice

Which ion movement is primarily responsible for the plateau phase of the myocardial action potential?

• Na+

• K+

• Ca2+

• Cl-

Reorder

Put the heart conduction sequence in order.

• SA node

• AV node

• AV bundle (bundle of His)

• AV bundle branches

• Purkinje fibers

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Match

Match the following.

• atrial depolarization (atria contract)

• ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization (atria relax, ventricles contract)

• ventricular repolarization (ventricles relax)

P wave

QRS complex

T wave

• P wave

• QRS complex

• T wave

Match

Match the following

• missing P wave

• fast irregular atrial contractions

• fast irregular ventricle contractions

• no electrical activity

SA node block (nodal rhythm)

Atrial fibrillation (A-fib)

Ventricular fibrillation

Asystole

• SA node block (nodal rhythm)

• Atrial fibrillation (A-fib)

• Ventricular fibrillation

• Asystole

Open Ended

How could an athlete have a lower resting heart rate, but still have a larger cardiac output than an inactive person?

Multiple Choice

Resting heart rate under parasympathetic nerve control is called

• tachycardia
• arrhythmia
• cardiac output

• vagal tone

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does NOT increase heart rate?

• increased blood carbon dioxide levels causing the blood to become acidic (acidosis)

• release of epi/norepinephrine or thyroid hormones

• high blood pressure

• caffeine and nicotine

Open Ended

Why does tachycardia (fast heart rate) reduce stroke volume?