The Muscular System PPT

Open Ended

Why do you think it is important for muscles to generate heat in the human body?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are characteristics of skeletal muscle cells?

• Large, multinucleated, cylindrical-shaped

• Branching chains of cells

• Spindle shaped

• Lack striations

Multiple Choice

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movements?

• Skeletal muscle

• Cardiac muscle

• Smooth muscle

• Connective tissue

Fill in the Blank

The connective tissue that wraps around a fascicle (bundle) of muscle fibers is called the ___.

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of tendons in skeletal muscle organization?

• Attach muscle to bone

• Produce red blood cells

• Store energy

• Transmit nerve impulses

Multiple Choice

Which structure attaches muscles indirectly to bones, cartilages, or connective tissue coverings?

• Tendons

• Ligaments

• Aponeuroses

• Fascia

Multiple Select

Which of the following are properties of skeletal muscle?

• Contractility

• Extensibility

• Elasticity

• Photosensitivity

Fill in the Blank

The contractile unit of a muscle fiber is called the ___.

Multiple Choice

Which protein composes the thick filaments in a sarcomere?

• Actin

• Myosin

• Tropomyosin

• Collagen

Open Ended

Describe how the arrangement of thick and thin filaments within a sarcomere contributes to muscle contraction.

Multiple Choice

Which structure in the muscle fiber is responsible for storing and releasing calcium?

• Sarcoplasmic reticulum

• Sarcolemma

• T-tubule

• Terminal cisternae

Open Ended

Explain the role of a motor unit in skeletal muscle contraction.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are components of the neuromuscular junction?

• Axon terminal

• Sarcolemma

• Synaptic cleft

• Myofibril

Multiple Choice

Which ions are involved in returning a cell to its resting state after an action potential?

• Sodium (Na+) and Potassium (K+)

• Calcium (Ca2+) and Chloride (Cl-)

• Magnesium (Mg2+) and Sodium (Na+)

• Potassium (K+) and Calcium (Ca2+)

Open Ended

Explain the role of calcium ions in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.

Multiple Choice

Graded responses in skeletal muscle can be produced by changing which two factors?

• Frequency of stimulation and number of muscle cells stimulated

• Type of muscle fiber and amount of ATP

• Amount of calcium ions and type of contraction

• Resting membrane potential and sodium-potassium pump activity

Multiple Select

Which of the following are types of graded muscle responses?

• Twitch

• Summing of Contractions

• Unfused (Incomplete) Tetanus

• Fused (Complete) Tetanus

Fill in the Blank

A muscle twitch is a single, brief, ___ contraction.

Open Ended

Compare and contrast unfused (incomplete) tetanus and fused (complete) tetanus in terms of muscle contraction characteristics.

Match

Correctly match the energy systems

• Direct phosphorylation

• Anaerobic respiration (lactic acid formation)

• Aerobic respiration

Quick burst of energy; insantaneous

Burst of energy, but slower than ATP-CP

Long-lasting energy

• Quick burst of energy; insantaneous

• Burst of energy, but slower than ATP-CP

• Long-lasting energy

Match

Match the following types of muscle contractions.

Concentric

Eccentric

Isometric

• Concentric

• Eccentric

• Isometric

Multiple Choice

Depending on one's goal, will determine how their muscles grow and appear.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not one of the Five Golden Rules?

• Muscles push, never pull

• All muscles have an origin and insertion

• Insertion moves towards origin during contraction

• Almost all skeletal muscles cross at least one joint

• Muscles work in an agonist-antagonist relationship

Multiple Select

The masseter is the agonist in closing the jaw (e.g. when chewing). Which of the following would be synergists?

• Temporalis

• Orbicularis oculi

• Buccinator

• Frontalis

Multiple Choice

Which muscle is responsible for blinking, winking and squinting your eyes?

• Orbicularis oris

• Orbicularis oculi

• Frontalis

• Occipitals

Multiple Select

According to its name, the sternocleidomastoid is likely attached to the...

• sternum

• temporal bone

• mastoid process

• clavicle

Match

Match the muscles to their primary action

• Depress ribcage during exhalation

• Expand ribcage during inhalation

• Adduct & flex arm

Internal intercostal muscles

External intercostal muscles

Pectoralis major

• Internal intercostal muscles

• External intercostal muscles

• Pectoralis major

Match

Match the muscles to their corresponding actions

• "4,6,8-pack abs"; crunches, sit-ups; compress abdomen during defecation & childbirth

• Flex vertebral column & rotate trunk & bend trunk laterally

• Compresses internal organs & supports vertebral column

Rectus abdominis

External & internal

oblique

Transverse abdominis

• Rectus abdominis

• External & internal

  oblique

• Transverse abdominis

- Traps extend head & elevate, depress, adduct, stabilize scapula
- Lats extends & adducts arms
- Deltoid abducts arm

- Levator scapulae elevate & rotate scapula
- Rhomboids retract, elevate, rotate & stabilizes scapula
- Erector spinae (Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) provide resistance for bending at the waist and back extension

- Biceps flexes & supinates forearm
- Brachialis lifts ulna while biceps lift radius
- Brachioradialis
- Triceps extend forearm

Multiple Choice

What muscle is being pointed to?

• Hamstring
• Gluteus Maximus
• External Oblique
• Gastrocnemius

Open Ended

How do muscles contribute to the overall functioning of the human body beyond movement?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a key role of skeletal muscle?

• Maintain posture and body position

• Stabilize joints

• Generate heat

• Transport oxygen