Weather and Climate: Key Ideas

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes an ocean current?

• A large stream of water that flows through the ocean

• A sudden change in weather conditions

• A long-term pattern of temperature and precipitation

• A type of tropical climate

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the difference between latitude and longitude?

• Latitude measures distance north or south of the equator, while longitude measures distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.

• Latitude measures distance east or west of the equator, while longitude measures distance north or south of the Prime Meridian.

• Latitude and longitude both measure distance north or south of the equator.

• Latitude and longitude both measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about solar energy is correct?

• Solar energy is the energy in the form of electromagnetic waves that travel from the sun to Earth.

• Solar energy is the energy produced by Earth's rotation.

• Solar energy is the energy stored in Earth's core.

• Solar energy is the energy produced by rainfall.

Fill in the Blanks

A sphere is a perfectly round 3D shape where all surface points are

from the center.

Multiple Choice

Why do areas near the equator receive more solar energy than areas near the poles?

• Because the equator is closer to the sun.

• Because sunlight strikes the equator more directly due to Earth's tilt and curved surface.

• Because the poles are covered in ice.

• Because the equator rotates faster than the poles.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best explains why Earth is heated unevenly?

• Because Earth rotates on its axis

• Because Earth is a curved sphere

• Because the sun is closer to some locations

• Because the atmosphere blocks sunlight

Multiple Select

Which of the following steps are involved in the formation of convection currents in Earth's atmosphere?

• Air is warmed and expands

• The less dense air begins to rise

• Air becomes denser and begins to sink

• As it rises, the air begins to cool

Fill in the Blanks

Ocean

are large streams of moving water that carry water from one place to another.

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between weather and climate?

• Weather is a short-term state of the atmosphere, while climate is a long-term pattern of weather.

• Weather is measured over years, while climate is measured over days.

• Climate can change within minutes or hours, while weather is stable.

• Weather only refers to temperature, while climate refers to precipitation.