Unit 2 Key Terms

Multiple Choice

What was the Pequot War?

• An early conflict (1637) between English colonists and the Pequot Nation in Connecticut.

• A trade agreement between English colonists and the Pequot Nation.

• A peace treaty signed in 1637 between colonists and Native Americans.

• A festival celebrated by the Pequot Nation and English colonists.

Multiple Choice

What was one major result of the Pequot War?

• The near destruction of the Pequot people and their way of life.

• The establishment of a new colony by the Pequot Nation.

• The creation of a new trade route.

• The signing of a peace treaty that lasted 100 years.

Multiple Choice

Why is the Pequot War significant in American history?

• It set a pattern for future conflicts between colonists and Native Americans.

• It marked the end of all conflicts between colonists and Native Americans.

• It was the first time colonists and Native Americans traded goods.

• It resulted in the colonists leaving Connecticut.

Multiple Choice

What was King Philip's War primarily a conflict between?

• Colonists and Native Americans

• French and English settlers

• Spanish and Native Americans

• Colonists and the British government

Multiple Choice

Who led a coalition of tribes against English expansion during King Philip's War?

• Pocahontas

• Sitting Bull

• King Philip (Metacom)

• Geronimo

Multiple Choice

What was the outcome of King Philip's War for Native Americans in New England?

• Native Americans gained more land

• Native Americans formed a new government

• Native Americans were ultimately defeated and lost power

• Native Americans won the war

Multiple Choice

What did the Treaty of Paris (1763) accomplish?

• Ended the French and Indian War between Britain and France

• Started the American Revolution

• Created the United States Constitution

• Ended the Civil War

Multiple Choice

Which country gained control of French territories in North America as a result of the Treaty of Paris (1763)?

• Spain

• Britain

• Portugal

• Russia

Multiple Choice

What was one consequence of the Treaty of Paris (1763) for Native Americans?

• Native Americans gained more land

• Britain gained power over vast Native American territories without Native American input

• Native Americans formed an alliance with France

• Native Americans were given independence

Multiple Choice

What was the main purpose of the Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768?

• To create a boundary line between colonial settlements and Native American lands.

• To establish trade routes between colonists and Native Americans.

• To end the Revolutionary War.

• To grant independence to the colonies.

Multiple Choice

Which geographic feature did the boundary line established by the Treaty of Fort Stanwix follow?

• The Rocky Mountains

• The Appalachian Mountains

• The Mississippi River

• The Great Lakes

Multiple Choice

What was a major challenge highlighted by the Treaty of Fort Stanwix?

• Difficulty in enforcing agreements between colonists and Native Americans

• Lack of resources for colonists

• Poor communication between colonies

• Disputes over trade tariffs

Multiple Choice

What power does the Indian Commerce Clause in the U.S. Constitution give to Congress?

• The power to regulate trade with Native American tribes.

• The power to declare war on Native American tribes.

• The power to appoint Native American leaders.

• The power to create new Native American tribes.

Multiple Choice

How does the Indian Commerce Clause treat Native American nations?

• As separate political entities that the federal government can control.

• As part of the state governments.

• As independent countries with no federal oversight.

• As citizens with no special status.

Multiple Choice

What did the Indian Commerce Clause establish regarding the U.S. government's authority?

• The U.S. government had authority over Native American affairs.

• Native American tribes had authority over the U.S. government.

• State governments had authority over Native American affairs.

• Native American affairs were not regulated by any government.

Multiple Choice

What did the Treaty of Greenville (1795) accomplish?

• Ended conflicts in the Ohio Territory after Native American defeat.

• Started a war between Native Americans and settlers.

• Created new states in the Northwest.

• Gave Native Americans more land in Ohio.

Multiple Choice

What did Native American tribes agree to do under the Treaty of Greenville?

• Give up most of their lands in the Ohio region to the U.S. government.

• Move to Canada.

• Form a new government.

• Refuse to negotiate with settlers.

Multiple Choice

What did Native American tribes receive in return for giving up their lands in the Treaty of Greenville?

• Smaller areas called reservations and some money.

• Weapons and horses.

• Full citizenship rights.

• Control over trade routes.

Multiple Choice

What was the main belief behind Manifest Destiny?

• Americans were destined to expand westward across the continent.

• Americans should remain on the East Coast.

• Native Americans should expand eastward.

• Americans were destined to travel to Europe.

Multiple Choice

How did many Americans view westward expansion during the era of Manifest Destiny?

• As their right and duty.

• As a dangerous journey.

• As unnecessary.

• As a punishment.

Multiple Choice

What did the ideology of Manifest Destiny ignore?

• The fact that Native Americans already lived on these lands.

• The importance of farming.

• The need for new technology.

• The existence of gold in the West.

Multiple Choice

What does "Westward Expansion" refer to?

• The movement of American settlers from the East toward the West during the 1800s.

• The movement of Native Americans from the West to the East.

• The construction of railroads in the 1900s.

• The migration of settlers to the South.

Multiple Choice

Why did thousands of settlers move west during the Westward Expansion?

• To escape the cold weather

• Seeking land, gold, and new opportunities

• To join the military

• To find new types of food

Multiple Choice

What was one major consequence of Westward Expansion for Native Americans?

• They gained new land and resources

• Their lands and ways of life were directly threatened

• They became settlers themselves

• They moved to Europe

Multiple Choice

Who signed the Indian Removal Act in 1830?

• President Abraham Lincoln

• President Andrew Jackson

• President Thomas Jefferson

• President George Washington

Multiple Choice

What did the Indian Removal Act allow the federal government to do?

• Force Native Americans to move west of the Mississippi River

• Give Native Americans more land in the East

• Allow Native Americans to stay in their original lands

• Increase trade with Native Americans

Multiple Choice

What was the real effect of the Indian Removal Act?

• It created new jobs for Native Americans

• It took away Native American lands in the East

• It reduced taxes for settlers

• It allowed Native Americans to vote

Multiple Choice

What was the Trail of Tears?

• The forced march of thousands of Cherokee people westward in 1838-1839.

• The celebration of Cherokee culture in Oklahoma.

• The migration of settlers to California.

• The construction of a railroad in the Southeast.

Multiple Choice

Why were the Cherokee people forced to walk to Oklahoma during the Trail of Tears?

• They were removed from their homeland in the Southeast.

• They wanted to explore new lands.

• They were searching for gold.

• They were invited by the government.

Multiple Choice

What were some of the consequences faced by the Cherokee during the Trail of Tears?

• Thousands died from disease, hunger, and harsh conditions.

• They gained new land and resources.

• They formed alliances with settlers.

• They celebrated a successful journey.

Multiple Choice

What was the main purpose of the Reservation System for Native Americans?

• To place Native Americans on small pieces of land called reservations.

• To give Native Americans more land than settlers.

• To allow Native Americans to choose any land they wanted.

• To encourage settlers to live on reservations.

Multiple Choice

Who controlled the reservations and made decisions about Native American life there?

• The Native Americans themselves

• The government

• Local settlers

• Tribal leaders only

Multiple Choice

What was one negative effect of the Reservation System on Native Americans?

• They gained more freedom to travel

• They received high-quality land

• They lost the freedom to live on their ancestral lands and practice their traditional ways

• They were allowed to keep all their traditions

Multiple Choice

What is assimilation?

• The process of adopting the culture and ways of another group.

• The process of creating new traditions.

• The process of preserving original languages.

• The process of forming a new government.

Multiple Choice

What did the U.S. government force Native Americans to give up during assimilation?

• Their languages, religions, and traditions.

• Their land and homes.

• Their jobs and education.

• Their food and clothing.

Multiple Choice

What was one result of the assimilation policy on Native American communities?

• Tremendous harm to their communities and identities.

• Increased wealth and prosperity.

• Improved relationships with the government.

• Preservation of Native cultures.

Multiple Choice

What was the main purpose of Indian Boarding Schools for Native American children?

• To teach Native American children farming techniques

• To "civilize" Native American children

• To preserve Native languages and customs

• To reunite families

Multiple Choice

What were Native American children forced to do in Indian Boarding Schools?

• Speak their Native languages and wear traditional clothes

• Learn only mathematics and science

• Speak English, wear American clothes, and abandon their Native languages and customs

• Travel to different countries

Multiple Choice

What was one of the lasting impacts of Indian Boarding Schools on Native American communities?

• Increased family unity

• Lasting trauma and cultural loss

• Improved economic status

• Preservation of Native customs

Multiple Choice

What was the main purpose of the Dawes Act of 1887?

• To divide reservation lands into individual plots for Native American families

• To increase Native American territory

• To provide free land to all settlers

• To ban farming on reservation lands

Multiple Choice

What did the government believe individual land ownership would encourage Native Americans to do?

• Farm like settlers

• Move to cities

• Stop farming

• Sell their land to the government

Multiple Choice

What was one major consequence of the Dawes Act?

• Loss of millions of acres of Native American land

• Increase in Native American land ownership

• Creation of new Native American reservations

• Expansion of Native American territory

Multiple Choice

Who was Tecumseh?

• A Shawnee leader who tried to unite Native American tribes against American expansion.

• A U.S. military general during the War of 1812.

• A famous explorer of the American West.

• A politician who signed peace treaties with Native Americans.

Multiple Choice

What did Tecumseh believe about Native American tribes working together?

• They could resist losing their lands.

• They would become wealthy.

• They could defeat the British.

• They would be forced to move west.

Multiple Choice

How is Tecumseh remembered today?

• As a powerful symbol of Native American resistance and unity.

• As a famous American president.

• As a leader who surrendered to the U.S. military.

• As a builder of Native American settlements.

Multiple Choice

Where did the tragic massacre known as Wounded Knee take place?

• South Dakota

• California

• Texas

• New York

Multiple Choice

Approximately how many Lakota Sioux people were killed by U.S. soldiers at Wounded Knee?

• 50

• 100

• 150

• 200

Multiple Choice

What did the Wounded Knee Massacre represent in the context of Native American and U.S. government relations?

• The beginning of peaceful negotiations

• The end of major Native American armed resistance

• The start of the Civil War

• The discovery of gold

Multiple Choice

What does "abrogation" mean?

• To cancel or end an agreement, especially a treaty.

• To create a new agreement.

• To negotiate a treaty.

• To enforce a law.

Multiple Choice

Why did the U.S. government often break treaties with Native American tribes?

• To access resources like gold found on Native American lands.

• To improve relationships with Native Americans.

• To avoid conflict with other countries.

• To provide more land to Native Americans.

Multiple Choice

What was one result of the U.S. government frequently abrogating treaties with Native Americans?

• It deeply damaged trust between Native Americans and the U.S. government.

• It led to more treaties being signed.

• It improved economic conditions for Native Americans.

• It increased cooperation between the two groups.