Mutations in DNA Mr. Salerno

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the structure shown in the image?

• Double helix

• Single strand

• Triple helix

• Circular DNA

Open Ended

Why do you think mutations in DNA are significant for living organisms?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the relationship between amino acids, peptides, and proteins?

• Amino acids are the building blocks that link together to form peptides, which then combine to make proteins.

• Proteins are the building blocks that link together to form peptides, which then combine to make amino acids.

• Peptides are the building blocks that link together to form amino acids, which then combine to make proteins.

• Amino acids and proteins are unrelated; peptides are made from sugars.

Multiple Select

Proteins have many functions in the body. Select all that apply.

• Transporting molecules

• Repairing muscles

• Providing energy directly

• Making antibodies

Open Ended

Describe the role of mRNA in the Covid vaccine and how it relates to proteins.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the ribosome is responsible for reading the mRNA and assembling the amino acid chain?

• Large subunit

• Small subunit

• tRNA

• Codon

Fill in the Blanks

The ribosome reads the mRNA in groups of

bases called codons.

Open Ended

Explain how codons are involved in the process of protein synthesis.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of enzymes in the body?

• Breaking down food

• Speeding up muscle repair

• Destroying toxins

• Transmitting nerve impulses

Open Ended

Explain the difference between proteins and peptides in terms of their structure and functions.

Fill in the Blanks

Proteins need to bind to other molecules, which are usually called

.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about the binding site is/are correct?

• It is the opening where the ligand attaches to the protein.

• It is the location where peptides are formed.

• It is found only in enzymes.

• It is essential for protein-ligand interaction.

Open Ended

What are mutations and why are most of them not dangerous to humans?

Multiple Choice

Which type of mutation involves the addition of extra genetic material into a DNA sequence?

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Substitution

• Translocation

Multiple Choice

What is a possible consequence if a DNA polymerase enzyme incorporates an incorrect nucleotide during DNA replication?

• A substitution mutation can occur.

• The DNA strand will be destroyed.

• Protein synthesis will stop immediately.

• The cell will divide uncontrollably.

Open Ended

Explain the difference between a wild-type protein and a mutated protein.

Open Ended

So how does DNA control the functions of an organism?

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blank: DNA, with the help of RNA and

, makes proteins that regulate cell growth and communication.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are roles of DNA according to the diagram?

• Store information

• Send or Transmit information

• Copy and Code information

• Regulate cell division

Open Ended

Compare the number of proteins produced in the human body to the population of the United States as of 2019. What does this tell you about biological complexity?

Fill in the Blanks

DNA is made up of repeating units called

.

Open Ended

What questions do you still have about mutations in DNA, or is there anything you would like to know more about?