River Rejuvenation

Open Ended

Why is river rejuvenation significant for the environment and local communities?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a resultant landform of river rejuvenation characterized by a bench or step along the side of the valley?

• River terraces

• Knick point

• Incised meanders

• Floodplain

Open Ended

Explain how river rejuvenation can contribute to both tourism and agriculture.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about headward erosion are correct?

• Erosion takes place towards the source of a river.

• Headwaters of a river are moving upstream.

• Upper stream is moved backward.

• Erosion takes place away from the source.

Open Ended

List and briefly describe two causes of stream piracy.

Multiple Select

Which of the following can lead to river rejuvenation?

• Fall in sea level

• Tectonic uplift of land

• Increase in river discharge

• Lowering of base level

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the process of stream piracy as shown in the diagrams?

• A less energetic stream erodes backward and captures another stream.

• A more energetic stream erodes backward and captures the waters of a less energetic stream.

• Two streams merge to form a larger river.

• A stream dries up and leaves its channel empty.

Multiple Choice

After stream piracy, what are two key changes that occur in the captor stream?

• Volume of water decreases and carrying capacity is reduced.

• Volume of water increases and river rejuvenates.

• Deposition of stream load occurs and water erosion is reduced.

• Wind erosion increases and stream becomes too small for its channel.

Open Ended

List two characteristics of a misfit stream after stream piracy.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are implications of river capture for human activities at the misfit stream?

• Increase in agricultural production

• Factories close due to lack of water

• Decrease in fishing for source of food

• More agricultural production

Open Ended

Stream piracy can lead to the relocation of people. Explain how this process impacts settlements along both the captor and misfit streams.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an implication of river capture on agriculture in the captor stream?

• Decrease in crop production

• More water expenses

• Increase in crop production

• Decrease in water sports

Multiple Choice

Which feature is associated with tourist attraction due to a waterfall as a result of river capture?

• Wind gap

• Elbow of capture

• Misfit stream

• Captor stream

Multiple Select

Which of the following are effects of river capture on the misfit stream?

• Increase in water sports

• Decrease in crop production

• More exports

• Decrease in biodiversity

Open Ended

Explain how river capture can impact both the ecosystem and tourism in an area.

Open Ended

Based on the satellite image, what type of drainage pattern is shown: superimposed or antecedent? Justify your answer.

Multiple Choice

What is the estimated age of the Vredefort crater and how was it formed?

• Approximately 2.023 billion years ago, by a meteorite strike

• Approximately 300 million years ago, by volcanic activity

• Approximately 250 million years ago, by tectonic uplift

• Approximately 2.023 million years ago, by river erosion

Multiple Choice

Which features in the satellite image suggest the presence of an antecedent drainage pattern?

• The river cuts through mountain ranges

• The river follows the valley

• The river meanders through flat plains

• The river avoids hard rock bands

Open Ended

Based on the images, what evidence would help you distinguish between a superimposed and an antecedent drainage pattern?

Multiple Choice

Which geological event is associated with the uplift of the Cape Fold Belt?

• Formation of sedimentary rock layers and folding of sandstone and shale rocks

• Meteorite impact

• Volcanic eruption

• River erosion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a cause of river rejuvenation?

• Drop in sea level

• Increase in rainfall

• Decrease in stream load

• Increase in sediment deposition