Biology Unit 1 Pretest

How does the structure of a nucleic acid compare to the structure of a protein?

• Both are smaller subunits; nucleic acids make up nucleotides and proteins make up amino acids.
• Both are larger compounds; nucleic acids are made of nucleotides while proteins are made of amino acids.
• Nucleic acids are larger compounds made of amino acids, while proteins are smaller subunits that make up amino acids.
• Nucleic acids are smaller subunits that make of ribosomes, while proteins are larger compounds made of amino acids.

Which best describes the importance of carbohydrates to organisms?

• Carbohydrates provide storage for water molecules.
• Carbohydrates provide an immediate energy source.
• Carbohydrates provide an additional source for amino acids.
• Carbohydrates provide permanent storage for genetic information.

If a person’s arteries become clogged, he or she might have a stroke. What is the cause of these artery-clogging deposits?

• lipids
• proteins
• nucleic acids
• carbohydrates

Which of these best describes a comparison between RNA and DNA?

• Both RNA and DNA consist of strings of amino acids.
• Both RNA and DNA fold into complex three-dimensional structures.
• RNA is typically single-stranded, whereas DNA is double-stranded.
• RNA is typically double-stranded, whereas DNA is single-stranded.

Which best describes how an enzyme affects the rate of a chemical reaction?

• It increases the temperature of the reaction.
• It lowers the activation energy of the reaction.
• It changes the products created in the reaction.
• It causes the reaction to proceed in an unfavorable direction.

Which best explains the relationship between proteins and amino acids?

• Proteins are made of amino acids.
• Amino acids are made of proteins.
• Proteins contain lipids, nucleic acids, and amino acids.
• Amino acids contain lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.

Which are the building blocks of most lipid molecules?

• glucose and protein
• glucose and fatty acids
• fatty acids and glycerol
• amino acids and glycerol

What is the significance of nucleic acids for cells?

• They generate energy for the cell.
• They restrict what enters and leaves the cell.
• They support and maintain the shape of the cell.
• They provide all instructions for cellular activities.

Which is the best example of a monosaccharide, or simple sugar?

• starch
• glucose
• cellulose
• glycogen

Why are enzymes essential to all multicellular organisms?

• They provide insulation.
• They produce living tissue.
• They contain genetic information.
• They catalyze metabolic reactions.