Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 13: The Endocrine System

A group of lipid-based chemicals synthesized by most tissue cells that act as local messengers.

• prostaglandins
• thyroid gland
• adrenal gland
• pineal gland

Hormone that is structurally related to cholesterol and are lipid soluble.

• parathyroid hormone
• steroid hormone
• hormone
• nonsteroid hormone

Ductless gland that secretes one or more hormones into the bloodstream.

• endocrine system
• exocrine system
• adrenal glands
• endocrine gland

A condition caused by a failure of the adrenal cortex to secrete sufficient cortisol and aldosterone.

• Cushing's syndrome
• aldosterone
• adrenal glands
• Addison's disease

Hormone released by the parathyroid glands that regulates blood calcium levels.

• steroid hormone
• parathyroid gland
• nonsteroid hormone
• parathyroid hormone

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

External portion of the adrenal gland; its primary hormones, aldosterone and cortisol, influence inflammation, metabolism, interstitial fluid volume, and other functions.

• adrenal glands
• adrenal medulla
• adrenal cortex
• cortex

Disease caused by too much cortisol from excessive production of glucose from glycogen and protein, and retention of too much salt; causes fat accumulation in certain areas of the body including the face, abdomen, and back of the neck.

• Cushing's syndrome
• Addison's disease
• histamine
• endocrine system

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A hormone secreted by the pancreas that enhances the uptake of glucose by cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels.

• medulla
• insulin
• histamine
• hormone

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A type of cell in the hypothalamus that essentially functions as both a nerve cell and an endocrine cell because it generates nerve impulses and releases hormone into blood vessels.

• target cell
• neuroendocrine cell
• endocrine system
• endocrine gland

A chemical messenger molecule secreted by an endocrine gland or cell into the bloodstream that has effects on specific target cells throughout the body.

• cortex
• thyroxine
• hormone
• histamine