AP Bio Cell Communication Quiz

1.  Each of the following numbered processes are involved in signal transduction pathways:  
 I.  Response  
II.  Amplification  
 III.  Reception  
IV.  Transduction
Which of the following represents the sequence of events in a typical signal transduction pathway?

• I, II, III, IV
• III, I, IV, II
• II, IV, I, III
• III, IV, II, I

Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline or adrenalin) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. The model for the action of Epinephrine is shown below.
Which of the following molecules act as a second messenger in the cascade by which epinephrine stimulates the activation of the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase?

• Adenosine
• Adenylyl cyclase
• Citric acid
• Cyclic AMP

Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline or adrenalin) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. The model for the action of Epinephrine is shown below.
Which of the following represents the correct ordering of the molecules that are activated by a single molecule of epinephrine, from highest number of molecules to lowest number of molecules?

• cAMP, protein kinase A, phosphorylase kinase, glycogen phosphorylase
• Glycogen phosphorylase, phosphorylase kinase, protein kinase A, cAMP
• cAMP, phosphorylase kinase, glycogen phosphorylase, protein kinase A
• Glycogen phosphorylase, cAMP, protein kinase A, phosphorylase kinase

Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline or adrenalin) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. The model for the action of Epinephrine is shown below.
Which of the following would likely not be observed in a person injected with epinephrine?

• Decreased production of cAMP in liver cells
• Inactivation of glycogen synthase
• Increased glucose mobilization
• Activation of G proteins

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline or adrenalin) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. The model for the action of Epinephrine is shown below.
Which of the following best describes a benefit of the many steps involved in a protein kinase cascade?

• It allows for the activation or inhibition of many enzymes.
• It allows for the amplification of the signal.
• It allows for the distribution of the signal throughout the inside of the cell.
•  All of the above.

Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline or adrenalin) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. The model for the action of Epinephrine is shown below.
All of the following are enzymes involved in the signal transduction pathway shown EXCEPT

• adenyl cyclase
• protein kinase A
• phosphorylase kinase
• epinephrine

G proteins are a family of proteins involved in transmitting chemical signals originating from outside a cell into the inside of the cell. G proteins function as molecular switches.
Which of the following best describes the role in which the G protein is most intimately involved in the process shown above?

• Production of the ligand molecule.
• Reception of the signal.
• Transduction of the signal.
• Production of response to signal.

G proteins are a family of proteins involved in transmitting chemical signals originating from outside a cell into the inside of the cell. G proteins function as molecular switches.
Investigations into the causes behind symptoms in Alzheimer’s patients have led to the hypothesis that the disease may be caused by excessive activity of IP3 second messengers in brain cells. When comparing cell samples of Alzheimer’s patients to those taken from the control group, which of the following pieces of evidence would support this hypothesis?

• A lower number of receptor proteins in the Alzheimer cell samples.
• A greater volume of endoplasmic reticulum membrane in the control group cell samples.
• A higher concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol of the Alzheimer cell samples.
• A lower number of activated proteins in the cytosol of the Alzheimer cell samples

The term steroid describes both hormones produced by the body and artificially produced medications that duplicate the action for the naturally occurring steroids. All of the following describe steroid hormones EXCEPT:

• A.  They bind with receptor proteins in the plasma membrane to trigger cellular responses.
• A.  They are derived from cholesterol and are lipid soluble.
• They serve as ligands in signal transduction pathways
• A.  They are exemplified by testosterone, estrogen and progesterone

All of the following statements about ligand-receptor complexes are true EXCEPT

• A.  Most receptors exhibit ligand specificity.
• Ligand–receptor interactions are reversible
• Ligand–receptor interactions are reversible
• Ligand-receptor complexes are most often formed in cell communication pathways in which participating cells are in direct contact