cell communication

(a)   signaling

(a)   signaling

(a)   signaling

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Type of signaling

• endocrine

• paracrine

• contact-dependent

• synaptic

Second messenger

• G protein

• cAMP

• protein kinase A

• tyrosine kinase

This is not second messenger

• cAMP

• cGMP

• Ca²⁺

• IP₃

• adenylyl cyclase

General term for a protein that binds a specific extracellular molecule (ligand) and initiates a response in the cell.

• hormone

• receptor

• adaptor

• second messenger

Short-range cell–cell communication via secreted local mediators that act on adjacent cells.

• endocrine

• paracrine

• contact-dependent

• synaptic

A signal relay chain involving multiple protein kinases, each of which is activated by phosphorylation and then phosphorylates the next protein kinase in the sequence.

• desensitization

• contact-dependent signaling

• kinase cascade

• inositol phospholipid signaling pathway

Small molecule that is formed in the cytosol, or released into it, in response to an extracellular signal and that helps to relay the signal to the interior of the cell.

• hormone

• neurotransmitter

• second messenger

• receptor

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3