Causes of Earthquakes

 In a strike-slip fault,

• the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
• the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall at an angle of 30° or less.
• the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall at an angle of 45° or more.
• the fault blocks move horizontally in opposite directions.

Which term describes deformation caused by the forces of gravity or plate motion?

• stress
• strain
• compression
• tension

A fault consists of two blocks separated by a fracture called a fault plane. What is the name of the fault block that is above the fault plane?

• hanging wall
• footwall
• fault-block mountain
• folded mountain

What type of stress results from rocks being stretched?

• strain
• compression
• shear stress
• tension

Which of the following can cause earthquakes?

• tectonic plate movement
• movement along faults
• both A and B
• neither A nor B

In a normal fault,

• the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
• the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
• the fault blocks move horizontally in opposite directions.
• the fault blocks move toward each other and collide.

What is the result when stress that has accumulated along a fault is suddenly released?

• a mountain
• an earthquake
• a ridge
• None of these occurs. The stress simply starts building again.

In a thrust fault,

• the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall at an angle less than 45°
• the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall at an angle less than 45°
• the fault blocks move horizontally in opposite directions
• the fault blocks move toward each other and collide

What type of strain can be caused by extensional, compressional, and shear stress?

• faulting
• folding
• tension
• All of the above

A fracture in Earth's crust in which blocks of rock move relative to each other is called a

• fault
• fissure
• ridge
• mountain