14.4 Mutations

DNA molecule segment is : TTA CGC AAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTC GCA AG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Missense Substitution

• Deletion Frameshift

• Insertion Frameshift

• Translocation Substitution

Answer explanation

The given DNA segment has a deletion mutation causing a frameshift, leading to a change in the reading frame. This matches the Deletion Frameshift mutation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A

• Substitution

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Frameshift 

Answer explanation

The mutation is a substitution because a single nucleotide base (G) has been replaced by another (A) in the sequence.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA

• Missense Substitution

• Silent Substitution

• Nonsense Substitution

• Frameshift

Answer explanation

The mutation results in a single nucleotide change, causing a different amino acid to be incorporated. This is characteristic of a missense substitution.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G

• deletion frameshift

• insertion frameshift

• Missense substitution

• nonsense substitution

Answer explanation

The correct answer is insertion frameshift because the mutation results in the insertion of an extra 'A' nucleotide, shifting the reading frame and changing subsequent amino acids.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

DNA molecule segment is : TTA CGC AAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTA CGC AAA. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Silent Substitution

• Insertion Frameshift

• Missense Substitution

• Nonsense Substitution

Answer explanation

The given DNA segment has a single nucleotide change that does not alter the amino acid sequence, making it a Silent Substitution mutation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

DNA molecule segment is : TTA CGC AAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTC GCA AG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Missense Substitution

• Deletion Frameshift

• Insertion Frameshift

• Nonsense Substitution

Answer explanation

The mutated DNA segment has an extra base (C) compared to the original, causing a frameshift mutation, specifically a Deletion Frameshift.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What type of chromosomal mutation is this?

• Translocation

• Inversion

• Deletion

• Duplication

Answer explanation

This is an example of an inversion chromosomal mutation where a segment of the chromosome is reversed. Inversions can lead to changes in gene expression and potential genetic disorders.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

If you are missing or have an extra base at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?

• Point Substitution

• Point Frameshift

• Translocation 

• All of These

Answer explanation

If you are missing or have an extra base at the end of your mutated DNA, a Point Frameshift mutation occurred, causing a shift in the reading frame of the genetic code.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

ATT TGA GCC- Original
ATT GAG CC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a 

• Insertion- Frameshift

• Deletion- Substitution

• Deletion -Frameshift

• Missense-Substitution

Answer explanation

The correct choice is Deletion-Frameshift because the mutation results in the deletion of a nucleotide causing a frameshift in the reading frame.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Any change in the sequence of DNA is...

• Genetic Variation

• Transformation

• Meiosis

• Mutation

Answer explanation

Any change in the sequence of DNA is referred to as a Mutation, which can lead to genetic variations.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2