Quiz about Sedimentary Rock, and Fossil Fuels

Question 1

What caused this rock to break?

Accepted Answer

water collected in the cracks, froze and expanded, then pushed the rock apart

Answer

acid rain poured down and split the rock apart

Answer

a large wave pushed it apart

Answer

animals

Question 2

What is the relationship between sedimentary rock and fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

Fossil fuels are formed within sedimentary rock

Answer

They are both renewable resources

Answer

They both take millions of years to form

Answer

They are made from pressure and heat

Question 3

Which process moves rock sediment?

Accepted Answer

erosion

Answer

weathering

Answer

deposition

Answer

compaction

Question 4

Why are fossil fuels a non-renewable resource?

Accepted Answer

Fossil fuels take millions of years to form, so we cannot use them again in our lifetime.

Answer

They are valuable and consumed  at a high rate

Answer

The earth is unable to form fossil fuels once they run out

Answer

Oil is only found in oceans

Question 5

What are the 3 main fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas

Answer

Coal, Oil, and Gasoline

Answer

Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum

Answer

Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources

Question 6

All of these are related to the formation of oil or natural gas EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Active Volcanoes

Answer

Decomposed Animals

Answer

Decayed Plants

Answer

Sedimentary Rocks

Question 7

Sedimentary rocks form when broken bits of other rock are deposited and then -

Accepted Answer

buried, compacted and cemented together

Answer

melted by the heat of the Earth's core

Answer

completely dissolved in the salt water of the ocean

Answer

used by humans as a natural resource

Question 8

Fossil Fuels form in sedimentary rocks when -

Accepted Answer

organic matter is buried along with sediments

Answer

plants use the nutrients in the sediments to grow

Answer

rivers carry sediments down mountainsides

Answer

sediments are used by humans as a resource

Question 9

The formation of fossil fuels is a process that takes millions of years and starts with energy from the sun. The sun contributes to the formation of fossil fuels by -

Accepted Answer

give energy to the living things that become fossil fuels

Answer

heating up the Earth's core where fossil fuels form

Answer

generating winds so humans use less fossil fuels

Answer

giving off heat, similar to burning fossil fuels

Question 10

How are Sedimentary Rocks formed?

Accepted Answer

Compacting and Cementing

Answer

Cooling and Hardening

Answer

Heat and Pressure

Answer

Melting

Question 11

Some students made a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock.  The students pour 2 cm of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box.  Then they add 1 cm of gravel.  Finally, they pour 2 cm of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel.  Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary rock is made of layers.

Answer

Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.

Answer

Sedimentary rock is often limestone.

Answer

Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.

Question 12

Coal often forms where once there were swamps. What characteristic of swamps is important to the formation of coal?

Accepted Answer

Abundant Plant Life

Answer

High Temperature

Answer

Frequent Rains

Answer

Reptile Predators

Question 13

Which area is most likely to have fossil fuels present today?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 14

Oil formation occurs where, millions of years ago, there were large oceans.  This is because oceans have -

Accepted Answer

great numbers of tiny marine animals

Answer

waves that are constantly moving

Answer

currents that mix the water thoroughly

Answer

deep caverns where no light can reach

Question 15

Most sedimentary rock forms in the ocean.  This is because oceans -

Accepted Answer

are where most bits of broken rock get deposited

Answer

emit much less pollution that other habitats

Answer

receive the majority of the Sun's energy

Answer

have fewer plants and animals than on land

Question 16

Weathering is the breaking down of rock into ___________.

Accepted Answer

sediment

Answer

boulders

Answer

mountains

Answer

ice

Question 17

_________is the movement of sediment from one place to another.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

All of the above

Question 18

The dropping off of sediments in a new place is called __________.

Accepted Answer

deposition

Answer

departing

Answer

erosion

Answer

weathering

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a cause of weathering, erosion, and deposition?

Accepted Answer

fire

Answer

water

Answer

wind

Answer

ice

Question 20

Weathering, erosion, and deposition occur over many________.

Accepted Answer

years

Answer

days

Answer

hours

Answer

months

Question 21

When wind, water, or ice deposit materials in a location, this is known as:

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Transportation

Question 22

Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river is an example of...

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

None of the Above

Question 23

Sand settles on the beach after waves dropped it there. This is an example of...

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Dragging

Question 24

Wind blasting sand at rock and carving out arches

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 25

A satellite image of an area in Florida shows a river with slight bends along its length. A second satellite image taken of the same area 10 years later shows the same river with  a different course. What is the best explanation for the difference in the shape of the river's course between the two satellite images?

Accepted Answer

Water eroded the banks of the river and deposited the eroded soil on opposite banks, causing the river to form tighter bends

Answer

Wind blew waves across the water surface, eroding away the bank on one side of the river until the river's course changed its shape

Answer

Regular freezing and thawing of the river split the soil along the river banks, changing the shape of the river

Answer

Acid rain chemically weathered the banks along the river, forcing the river to wind back and forth

Question 26

A deep valley with steep walls that cut into the earth caused by erosion from running water.

Accepted Answer

Canyon

Answer

Valley

Answer

Gulf

Answer

River

Question 27

Wind blowing sand from one location to another

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Question 28

Which of the following directly led to the formation of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

Compaction and cementation

Answer

Heat and pressure

Answer

Physical changes of rock and heating of rock

Answer

Pressure and organic matter

Question 29

Coal was produced in the earth over millions of years. Which of the following is NOT a step in the production of coal?

Accepted Answer

Animals died and were covered by sediment

Answer

Plants died and were covered by sediment

Answer

Heat, pressure and time change the peat to lignite

Answer

Time and pressure changes dead plant material to peat

Question 30

Certain prehistoric events led to the formation of OIL. Which of the following was one of those events?

Accepted Answer

Microscopic life in the ocean (sea) died and was buried under sediment

Answer

Giant wind storms destroyed ancient forests

Answer

Icebergs melted at the north and south poles

Answer

Heavy flooding saturated the earth's surface

Question 31

Rocks will break down into smaller pieces or...

Accepted Answer

sediment

Answer

crust

Answer

fossils

Answer

plates

Question 32

Over long periods of time, fossil fuels form deep underground. Which components are related to the formation of fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

Decayed plants, animals and sedimentary rock

Answer

Lava, sand and decaying animals

Answer

Decayed plants, lava and minerals

Answer

Decayed plants, animals and ocean water

Question 33

What is the first step in the formation of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

Exposed rock is broken into smaller pieces by wind, water, and ice

Answer

Pressure from above reduces the size of sediments

Answer

Weathered material is moved by wind, water, or ice

Answer

Weathered material is deposited by wind, water or ice

Question 34

How is petroleum (oil) formed?

Accepted Answer

Oil comes from the heat and pressure on dead microscopic plants and ocean animals over millions of years

Answer

Over millions of years, the fossils of dinosaurs decayed and slowly turned into oil

Answer

Ancient mud and soil was heated in the earth's crust for millions of years

Answer

Giant machines are used to dig up ancient ocean water, then scientist add chemicals to the water to create oil

Question 35

1.Dead ancient organisms

2.______________________

3.Heat and pressure added

Which of the following would be step 2 in forming fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

Covered by sediment

Answer

Decomposed in the ground

Answer

Washed away by water

Answer

Compressed and compacted together

Sedimentary Rock, and Fossil Fuels

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