Biotechnology S1 Review

Recombinant DNA are currently used to produce____.

• clothing dye, cheese, and laundry products
• human antibiotics, medicines, and vaccines
• crops that taste better and stay fresh longer
• all of these

____ are produced when DNA from another species is inserted into the genome of an organism, which then begins to produce the protein encoded on the recombinant DNA.

• vectors
• plasmids
• transgenic organisms
• gene guns

A ____ is a small ring of DNA found in a bacterial cell.

• virus
• plasmid
• gene bullet
• PCR

Which information was most important to the development of genetic engineering techniques?

• the observation of nondominant alleles
• the discovery of lethal genes
• the formulation of Punnett squares
• the structure of the DNA molecule

Which best describes recombinant DNA?

• Genes are taken from one organism and inserted in another to direct the production of a protein
• DNA that has been deactivated by enzymes
• DNA found in organelles other than the nucleus
• Genes developed when an egg and sperm fuse to form a zygote

Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel elctrophoresis?

• It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing
• It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample
• It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster
• It charges the DNA strands

Why do the fragments of DNA in gel electrophoresis travel away from the negative electrode?

• DNA is negatively charged
• DNA is positively charged
• the agarose gel in negatively charged
• the agarose gel is positively charged

A method of separating DNA fragments according to their size and charge using an electric current passed through a gel containing the samples a

• Chromosome
• DNA Probe
• Electrophoresis
• Restriction Enzyme

A special protein that targets a specific base sequence and cuts DNA into smaller fragments a. Gene c. DNA Probe b. Exon d. Restriction Enzyme

• Gene
• DNA Probe
• Exon
• Restriction Enzyme

How do scientists cut DNA into smaller strands?

• restriction enzymes
• scissors
• ligase
• agarose