Biology Midterm Review

What will most likely be the result if all the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell? 

• It will be unable to carry out respiration. 
• It will lose water through osmosis. 
• It will break down the ribosomes in the cell. 
• It will be unable to photosynthesize.

What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg? 

• differentiation
• natural selection
• selective breeding
• genetic engineering

During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases.  The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature.  Which is demonstrated in this situation? 

• excretion
• metabolism
• homeostasis
• synthesis

What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle? 

• to use oxygen to produce glucose
• to take in excess water
• to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose
• to feed on herbivores

Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food.  Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds? 

• competition
• mutualism
• parasitism
• predator-prey

What will most likely happen if the human population continues to grow at current rates? 

• There will be fewer natural resources available for future generations.
• There will be an increase in nitrogen levels in the atmosphere. 
• There will be a decrease in water pollution.
• There will be an increase in the number of strong hurricanes.

What type of organic molecules are enzymes?

• carbohydrates
• lipids
• nucleic acids
• proteins

What are the subunits of DNA and their function? 

• nucleotides that store information
• monosaccharides that provide quick energy for the cell
• lipids that store energy and provide insulation
• proteins that provide the building blocks for the structural components of organisms

How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?

• Aerobic respiration results in less energy.
• Aerobic respiration results in more energy.
• Each process results in equal amounts of energy.
• Each process results in variable amounts of energy.

The diagram shows a plant cell.  Which structure is found in a plant cell but is absent in an animal cell. 

• mitochondrion
• vacuole
• nucleus
• chloroplast