AIR Practice 1 - What is Echolocation?

Use passage 1, "What is Echolocation?" by Elizabeth Hagen, to answer this question. (RI.7.3)
Which option best describes the influence that a bat’s echolocation has on its prey?

•  “Humans cannot hear ultrasonic sounds made by echolocating bats.” (paragraph 3)
• Some insects fly away, while others start flying in a zigzag, spiral, or looping pattern to avoid being eaten by the bat. (paragraph 3)
• Humans designed systems like sonar and radar based on the bat’s abilities. (paragraph 4) 
• “Just like bat echolocation, sonar uses sound waves to navigate. . .” (paragraph 4)

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Use passage 1, "What is Echolocation?" by Elizabeth Hagen, to answer this question. (RI.7.5)
How does Elizabeth Hagen’s use of rhetorical questions in the title, at the beginning of paragraph 2, and at the beginning of paragraph 4 attempt to engage the reader throughout the passage?

• It makes her seem like she doesn’t know what she’s talking about.
• Hagen tries to make herself seem superior to the reader if he/she does not know the answer.
• The questions are not answered in the passage, leaving the reader wanting more.
•  The questions emphasize the point the author is about to make in the passage.

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Use passage 2, “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” by Josh Chamot, to answer this question. (RI.7.1)
Select one sentences from “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” that support the inference that researchers are unsure of the effect that clicking moths have on bats.

•  “As a bat zips through the night sky, it sends out high-pitched squeaks, bouncing sound waves off of objects and unsuspecting prey.” (paragraph 5)
•  “While most insect victims would have trouble fighting back, many dive and loop to avoid enemies, and some have the added advantage of being poisonous.” (paragraph 5)
•  “Scientists have proposed a few reasons for the tymbal’s success, ranging from its potential to startle a bat to its possible role as a ‘jammer’ that garbles the bats’ hunting squeaks.” (paragraph 6)
• “Tiger moths have a special clicker called a tymbal built into their thorax.” (paragraph 6)

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Use passage 2, “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” by Josh Chamot, to answer this question. (RI.7.2)
This question has two parts. First, answer Part A. Then, answer Part B. Part B will be on the next slide.
Part A: What is the central idea of "Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats"?

• Bats cannot see colors.
• Bats use echolocation to hunt.
• Many animals use echolocation.
• Scientists study echolocation in moths.

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Use passage 2, “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” by Josh Chamot, to answer this question. (RI.7.2)
This the second part to the last question. Use Part A to help you answer this question.
Part B: How does the author of “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” develop the central idea you mentioned in the last question?

•  by discussing science experiments on bats
• by explaining what people can learn from animals
•  by specifying the similarities between tiger moths and bats
• by describing the relationship between bats and tiger moths

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Use passage 2, “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” by Josh Chamot, to answer this question. (RI.7.4)
Read the following sentence from “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats”. What is the effect of the word toxicity in this sentence?
“Now, some researchers suspect one type of moth may have a way of effectively broadcasting its toxicity—the insect produces high-pitched sounds of its own.” (paragraph 5)

•  It emphasizes the tiger moths’ bright color.
• It highlights the tiger moths’ aggressiveness.
•  It shows the danger that tiger moths pose to bats.
•  It shows how bats are affected by different noises.

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Use passage 2, “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” by Josh Chamot, to answer this question. (RI.7.6)
This question has two parts. First, answer Part A. Then, answer Part B. Part B will be on the next slide. 
 Part A: What is the purpose of “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats”?

•  to discuss the various animals that use echolocation
• . to explain how a certain type of animal can counteract bat echolocation
• to explain that humans have developed military equipment by copying echolocation in bats
•  to give examples of the experiments that researchers have conducted to observe bat echolocation

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Use passage 2, “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” by Josh Chamot, to answer this question. (RI.7.6)
This the second part to the last question. Use Part A to help you answer this question.
Part B: How does the author of “Tiger Moths Use Sonic Defense to Trick Bats” develop the purpose?

• by listing other ways that animals use echolocation
• by explaining a theory for why tiger moths make certain sounds
• by discussing several strategies used by tiger moths to avoid bats
• by giving examples of specific bat behaviors related to echolocation

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Use passage 3,  “Bat Sonar and Naval Technology” by The Office of Naval Research, to answer this question. (RI.7.8)
This question has two parts. First, answer Part A. Then, answer Part B. Part B will be on the next slide. 
 Part A: How does “Bat Sonar and Naval Technology” support the claim that the U.S. military would like to improve its sonar technology?

•  It illustrates how existing technology was developed through specific examples.
• It gives statistical evidence that explains how technology has improved in the past.
• It explains how bats echolocate and gives examples of situations where echolocation might occur
• It describes how scientists train bats and observe specific behaviors to learn how echolocation works.

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 Use passage 3,  “Bat Sonar and Naval Technology” by The Office of Naval Research, to answer this question. (RI.7.8, RI.7.1)
This the second part to the last question. Use Part A to help you answer this question.
Part B: Select a sentence from “Bat Sonar and Naval Technology” that provides relevant support for the answer in Part A.

•  “‘Bats make sounds, listen to echoes, and then see objects,’ notes Simmons.” (paragraph 10)
• “In Simmons’ experiments, the bats are trained to differentiate sounds with the time separation of those sounds shortened to test the bats’ response.” (paragraph 11)
• “Today’s electronic sonar processing can differentiate between echoes about 12 millionths of a second apart.” (paragraph 12)
•  “Bats have it down to 2 to 3 millionths of a second.” (paragraph 12)

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