Heat

A hot marble is dropped into a container of cool water.  Which of the following statements most accurately describes the molecular motion of molecules.

• Both the marble molecules and the water molecules will slow down until they eventually come to rest.
• The marble molecules will slow down while the water molecules speed up until they reach reach the same average kinetic energy.
• The marble molecules will speed up while the water molecules will slow down until they reach nearly identical speeds.
• Both the marble molecules and the water molecules will speed up until they reach nearly identical speeds.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Which of the following best describes absolute zero?

• The temperature at which water is at its triple point
• The temperature at which the molecules of a substance have maximum kinetic energy
• The temperature at which water freezes at standard pressure
• The temperature at which the molecules of a substance have minimum kinetic energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

The minimum average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance occurs at which temperature? Make sure you pay attention to the units.

• 0°C
• −273 K
• 0 K
• 273°C

A student is cooking an egg in a pan on a stovetop. What is the main method of heat transfer between the pan and the egg?

• Convection
• Conduction
• Radiation
• Entropy

A student is investigating the best method for heating marshmallows using an open flame as shown below.
The student quickly discovers that placing the marshmallow over the flame is more effective than heating the marshmallow on the side of the flame. 
What type of heat transfer is present when the marshmallow is above the fire that is not present when the marshmallow is on the side of the fire?

• Radiation
• Convection
• Conduction
• Entropy

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

NASA developed a reflective foil barrier to help shield spacecraft from heat transfer in space.  These reflective barriers are now used in homes to prevent heat transfer by the same method.  
What method of heat transfer is being prevented by the reflective barrier?

• Radiation
• Convection
• Entropy
• Conduction

Which of the following describes a key difference between radiation and convection?

• Unlike convection, radiation does not require a medium.
• Unlike radiation, convection transfers heat with waves.
• Unlike convection, radiation warms liquids and gases.
• Unlike radiation, convection only occurs in solids.

Which of the following occurrences takes place due to convection?

• An ice cube melts after being placed in a warmer liquid.
• An object left outside on a summer day gets warmer.
• A metal poker becomes hot after it is placed in a fire.
• A candle causes the surrounding air to rise as it warms.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

A lava lamp is a decorative item found in some homes. The lamp portion contains a waxy substance in a liquid medium. When the lamp is plugged in, a bulb at the base of the lamp slowly heats the waxy substance sitting at the bottom of the liquid. Eventually, the waxy substance will separate into globs that quickly rise to the top of the lamp where the surrounding liquid cools them and causes them to fall back to the bottom. Based on the information provided, a lava lamp could be used to provide an example of which process of thermal energy transfer?

• Convection, but not radiation or conduction
• Radiation and convection, but not conduction
• Conduction, convection, and radiation
• Conduction and radiation, but not convection

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

The air consists of a variety of substances at room temperature. 
 
Assuming each substance has exactly the same temperature, which molecule will have the greatest magnitude of velocity?

• Methane
• Nitrogen
• Oxygen
• Argon