5th Grade Earth Science: Structure

Over a long period of time, a river that began with a straight course will develop many twists, turns, and bends.  One of these turns or bends in a river is called a:

• meander.
• tributary.
• branch.
• backwater.

Which of the following is not likely to cause weathering in rocks?

• freezing
• plant roots
• water
• sunlight

Islands such as the Hawaiian Islands are made by which of the following?

• earthquakes
• volcanoes
• erosion
• glaciers

Which of the following is the best way to protect a hillside from erosion?

• cut channels into the hillside for the water to flow
• cover the hillside with gravel
• plant trees and bushes on the hillside
• make barriers of rocks at different points on the hillside

Where are flood plains found?

• along a river bottom
• at the point where the river empties into the ocean
• along the sides of a river
• at the beginning of a river

Soil is made of living and nonliving materials.  Where do most of the nonliving materials come from?

• from bedrock that was broken into smaller pieces
• from earthworms that turn living materials into nonliving materials
• from animals that carry and drop the nonliving materials
• from material broken down by earthquakes

Which of the following causes erosion?

• water
• thunder
• limestone
• sunlight

Rivers, glaciers, wind, and waves all can cause which of the following to happen?

• They can cause rocks to weather.
• They can cause the rock cycle to stop.
• They can cause volcanoes to erupt.
• They can cause metamorphic rocks to form.

There has been widespread flooding in North Carolina.  Which of the following would be the most useful to someone studying the immediate effects of the flooding?

• a topographic map of North Carolina
• a map of the rivers in North Carolina
• a satellite photo of North Carolina
• a map of the rock formations in North Carolina

Which of the following slowly changes the surface of the Earth?

• earthquakes
• weathering
• floods
• volcanoes