Modules 22 - 24: Memory

People should avoid back-to-back study times for learning Spanish and French vocabulary in order to minimize

• interference.
• the nmisinformation effect.
• the spacing effect.
• source amnesia.

Research reports of repression and recovered memories indicate that

• extremely stressful life experiences are especially likely to be well remembered.
• people rarely recall memories of long-forgotten events.
• only those memories recovered with the help of a professional psychotherapist are likely to be reliable.
• most extremely traumatic life experiences are never encoded in long-term memory.

Which of the following techniques used by professional therapists is (are) likely to promote false memories in patients?

• hypnosis
• guided imagery
• dream analysis
• all of these techniques

Research on young children's false eyewitness recollections has indicated that

• children are less susceptible to source amnesia than adults.
• children are no more susceptible to the misinformation effect than adults.
• it is surprisingly difficult for both children and professional interviewers to reliably separate the children's true memories from false memories.
• all of these statements are true.

As a child, Andre dreamed that he was chased and attacked by a ferocious dog.  Many years later, he mistakenly recalled that this had actually happened to him.  Andre's false recollection best illustrates

• source amnesia.
• repression.
• retrieval cues.
• proactive interference.

By incorporating errors originating from a hypnotist's leading questions, "hypnotically refreshed" memories often illustrate

• proactive interference.
• age regression.
• the misinformation effect.
• mnemonics.

The misinformation effect best illustrates the dynamics of 

• the memory trace.
• memory construction.
• proactive interference.
• repression.

Loftus and Palmer asked two groups of observers how fast two cars have been going in a filmed traffic accident.  Observers who heard the vividly descriptive word "smashed " in relation to the accident later recalled

• the details of the accident with vivid accuracy.
• broken glass at the scene of the accident.
• that the drivers of the vehicles were males.
• that the drivers of the vehicles were intoxicated.

Among contemporary memory researchers, increasing numbers think __________ rarely, if ever, occurs.

• repression
• proactive interference
• source amnesia
• automatic processing

Compulsive gamblers frequently recall losing less money than is actually the case.  Their memory failure best illustrates

• the spacing effect.
• source amnesia.
• motivated forgetting.
• proactive interference.