Natural Selection & Evolution

A bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high

• sexuality
• mutation rate
• fitness
• adaptability

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What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?

• no evolutionary relationships between the groups
• common ancestry
• similar environments in the past
• genetic drift

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Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• homologous chromosomes

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Two organisms that are closely related would have

• a very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

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The diagram above shows an embryo of different vertebrates at different stages of development. Which field of study would support the similarities in development as evidence for evolution?

• comparative biochemistry
• paleontology
• comparative biogeography
• comparative embryology

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Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

• the wings of a red-tailed hawk

• the hind limbs of a house cat

• the fins of sharks

• the appendix of a human

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All the animals to the right of the hagfish would have the derived characteristic--

• Fur

• Claws or nails

• Lungs

• Jaws

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According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to 

• Amphibians
• Sharks
• Ray Finned Fish
• Crocodiles

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Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce

• fewer mutations
• stronger genes
• more offspring
• better traits

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Which derived characteristic is only found in humans?

• jaws
• mammary glands & hair
• terrestrial during all life stages
• opposable thumbs

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