Ap Gov Unit 1 Vocab

the art or science concerned with guiding or influencing governmental policy

• Politics
• Elite Theory of Government
• Thomas Hobbes' state of nature
• Shays Rebellion

the view that society contains numerous centers of power and many people participate in making decisions for society.

• Elite Theory of Government
• Pluralist Theory of Government
  
• Articles of Confederation
• Individualism

a single elite, not a multiplicity of competing groups, decides the life-and-death issues for the nation as a whole.

• Politics
• Bureaucratic Theory of Government
• Elite Theory of Government
• Individualism

The hierarchical structure and standarized procedures of government allow bureaucrats to hold the real power over public policy; proposed by Max Weber.

• Bureaucratic Theory of Government
• Hyperpluralist Theory of Government
• Rule of Law
• Limited Government

The idea that there are too many interest groups competing for benefits that thus weaken the government.

• JJ Rousseau's social contract
• John Locke's natural rights of man
• Hyperpluralist Theory of Government
  
• Freedom of Expression

Characterized by the "war of every man against every man," a constant and violent condition of competition in which each individual has a natural right to everything, regardless of the interests of others. Existence is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." The only laws that exist are not covenants forged between people but principles based on self-preservation.

• Thomas Hobbes' state of nature
• Rule of Law
• Separation of Powers 
• Politics 

People are born with natural, God-given rights to "life, liberty, and property."

• JJ Rousseau's social contract
• Baron Montesquieu's separation of powers
• John Locke's natural rights of man
• Articles of Confederation

The agreement with which a person enters into civil society. The contract essentially binds people into a community that exists for mutual preservation. In entering into civil society, people sacrifice the physical freedom of being able to do whatever they please, but they gain the civil freedom of being able to think and act rationally and morally. ___________________ believes that only by entering into the social contract can we become fully human.

• Thomas Hobbes' state of nature
• Individualism
• Judicial Review
• JJ Rousseau's social contract

_______________ ______________ expressed this idea of dividing up governmental power among several branches to limit any one branch from exercising the functions of another in "The Spirit of the Laws". Detailed an executive, legislative, and judicial branch.

• Checks and Balances
• Baron Montesquieu's separation of powers
• Federalism
• Confederate System of Government

Name given to a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt. Closed down courts.

• Shays Rebellion
• Articles of Confederation
• Direct Democracy
• Representative Democracy