Q1 Review

Proteins have many different functions in a cell. Which of the following are possible functions of a protein? 

•  A. catalysts and building blocks of DNA
• B. enzymes and actively transports molecules across the cell membrane
• C. building blocks of DNA and structural components of cell 
• D. components of the cell membrane and main source of energy in cellular respiration

The gas bubbles produced in this investigation most likely contained molecules of ____.

• A. oxygen
• B. sulfur dioxide
• C. glucose
• D. carbon dioxide

The process of cellular respiration occurs in ___.  

• A. both plant and animal cells.
• B. plant cells only.
• C. animal cells only.
• D. neither plant or animal cells.

What function does ATP carry out in living things?  

• A. Aids in protein folding and coiling
• B. Lowers the activation energy of reactions
• C. Used to store and transfer energy
• D. Helps maintain fluidity of cell membrane

Which is an organelle that performs cellular respiration and is paired with its correct function?

• A. Chloroplast - converts chemical energy into light energy.
• B. Mitochondria - converts energy found in glucose into ATP.
• C. Chloroplast - converts light energy into chemical energy.
• D. Mitochondria - converts ATP into glucose chemical energy.

Living things use enzymes in the chemical reactions of metabolism. When food is digested, it is metabolized to release energy. Which statement best describes the role of an enzyme in this process?  

• A. Because enzymes are proteins, they only react with other protein molecules, resulting in the production of glucose.
• B. The active site of the enzyme attached to the substrate of a food molecule produces carbon molecules, the building blocks of cells.
• C. The active site of an enzyme attached to a substrate prevents the chemical reactions involved in metabolism from happening too quickly.
• D. The active site of the enzyme binds to a substrate on a food molecule and the enzyme changes shape slightly, causing a chemical reaction to happen.

A scientist analyzing an unknown substance has determined that it consists only of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. During experimentation, she determines that the substance is soluble, or dissolves, in OIL but not in water. Which of the following macromolecules is the unknown substance most likely to be?

• A. carbohydrate
• B. lipid
• C. nucleic acid
• D. protein

A plant species lives in an area with limited sunlight. Which physiological adaptation would be most useful to the plant?

• A. Colorful flowers
• B. Large leaves
• C. Deep roots
• D. Thin cuticle

Plants and animals exchange materials through the process of photosynthesis and respiration. Which of these statements is true about the way these two processes are related?

• A. The products of photosynthesis inhibit respiration.
• B. The products of photosynthesis are also the products of respiration.
• C. The reactants of photosynthesis are also the reactants of respiration.
• D. The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of respiration.

A red blood cell is 90% water. A red blood cell is suspended in an 11% water solution. A diagram is placed below. What will most likely happen to the red blood cell?

• A. The cell will burst.
• B. The cell will shrink.
• C. The cell will not be affected.
• D. The cell will continually grow then shrink.