Unit 3 Review

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important to the development of the nation because it 

• linked the industrial centers of the North and the South
• allowed the United States Navy to defend the Great Lakes 
•  forced the Spanish to sell Florida to the United States
•  increased trade

The controversy over the establishment of the Bank of the United States and the imposition of a federal excise tax was most closely associated with 

•  George Washington issuing his Proclamation of Neutrality 
• Alexander Hamilton introducing his financial plan
• John Adams signing the Alien and Sedition Acts into law 
•  Thomas Jefferson supporting the Lewis and Clark expedition

Base your answer to the question  on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. . . . And now to the point. In our opinion, an opinion which has been formed from data obtained by assiduous [thorough] researches, and comparisons, from laborious investigation, logical reasoning, and earnest reflection, the causes which have impeded the progress and prosperity of the South, which have dwindled our commerce, and other similar pursuits, into the most contemptible insignificance; sunk a large majority of our people in galling poverty and ignorance, rendered a small minority conceited and tyrannical, and driven the rest away from their homes; entailed upon us a humiliating dependence on the Free States; disgrace us in the recesses of our own souls, and brought us under reproach in the eyes of all civilians and enlightened nations—may all be traced to one common source, and there find solution in the most hateful and horrible word, that was ever incorporated into the vocabulary of human economy—Slavery! . . . — Hinton Helper, The Impending Crisis of the South: How To Meet It, 1857
This statement most clearly expresses the author’s opinion that slavery

• should be extended into the western territories
• caused the North to be dependent on the South
• was the cause of economic and social problems in the South
• was the reason the South should secede from the Union

Which group benefited the most from the United States acquisition of the port of New Orleans? 

• farmers in the Ohio River valley 
•  Native American Indians in the Southwest
• fur trappers in the Hudson River valley
• gold miners in northern California

A major reason for the issuance of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) was to 

•   improve trade relations with Asia
•  gain new colonies in Latin America
• acquire land to build a canal in Central America
•   limit European influence in the Western Hemisphere

A major reason for President Andrew Jackson’s policy toward the Cherokee Nation was to 

• provide Native American Indians with better farmland 
•  enforce the United States Supreme Court decision in Worcester v. Georgia (1832) 
•  obtain land from Native American Indians for white settlers 
• gain the political support of Native American Indians

Which quotation best represents the idea of Manifest Destiny? 

•  “American interests are best served by strict isolationism.”
•  “The passage of protective tariffs will encourage industrial development.” 
•  “Immigration is the key to the nation’s economic growth.”
•  “The United States has a duty to spread American ideals westward.”

. . .“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal; . . .” —Seneca Falls Convention, 1848 Which document most influenced the authors of this statement? 

• Mayflower Compact 
• Albany Plan of Union 
•  Declaration of Independence
•  Articles of Confederation

 The power of judicial review was established when

•  the original United States Constitution was adopted
•  an amendment was added to the United States Constitution 
• President Thomas Jefferson established the power in an executive order
•  the Supreme Court issued its ruling in Marbury v. Madison (1803)

During the 1790s, the primary goal of United States foreign policy was to

•   preserve the nation’s neutrality during European conflicts 
•   increase the nation’s trade with Asia
• expand westward by signing new military alliances
•  make the nation into a major colonial power