Reformation

In the 1500s, Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses and Henry VIII's "Act of Supremacy" contributed to -

• a decline in the power of the Catholic Church
• an increased sense of nationalism in Tudor England
• the growing power of the feudal nobility in Europe
• a major conflict with Eastern Orthodox Christians

Which change to Christian church practices was suggested by Martin Luther?

• Increasing the sale of indulgences
• installing statues of saints in churches
• saying the mass in Latin so the faithful would hear it
• printing the Bible in the vernacular (local languages) so all could understand it

In 1517, Martin Luther was dissatisfied by the Catholic Church because he -

• thought the Church lacked structure
• disagreed with the sale of indulgences
• blamed the Church for not curing people who had the plague
• believed that kings should have more power to appoint clergy

The major goal of the Catholic Counter-Reformation was to -

• reinstate the power of the Roman Catholic Church
• reduce the authority of absolute monarchs
• encourage new ideas in science and philosophy
• reach a compromise with European Protestants

Which individual's work had the greatest impact on the spread of Martin Luther's ideas?

• Galileo Galilei
• Niccolo Machiavelli
• William Shakespeare
• Johann Gutenberg

Which statement best describes a contribution of the works of Nicolas Copernicus and Galileo Galilei?

• They renewed interest in Greek and Roman drama.
• They strengthened acceptance of traditional Church beliefs.
• They explained the laws of gravity on heavenly bodies
• They demonstrated Earth was not the center of the universe

The council in 1545 ended the sale of indulgences and reaffirmed the church beliefs of the Catholic Church.

• Council of Constance
• Council of Trent
• Council of Constantine
• Council of Pisa

A pardon for punishment for committing a sin in exchange for money.

• Indulgences
• Simony
• Bribery
• Heresy

Statements made by Martin Luther against the sale of indulgences. Posted on the door of All Saints Church in Germany on October 31, 1517.

• Ninety-Five Theses
• Act of Supremacy
• Diet of Worms
• Inquisition

Protestant reformer who started a church in Geneva (Switzerland) and held to a belief in predestination.

• John Calvin
• Thomas More
• Erasmus
• Ulrich Zwingli