AP BIO FINAL 1 (part 2/3)

Which lipid contains at least one subunit different than the others?

• steroids
• waxes
• phospholipids
• all of these contain similar subunits

There are 12 different intermediate products produced during the production of a molecule in a cell. One can expect that there

• is one enzyme that carries this process through to the end product
• is one enzyme for degradation and another enzyme for synthesis
• must be 12 different raw materials combined in the cell by one enzyme 
• are about 12 enzymes, at least one responsible for each step int he matabolic pathway

Which structure is correctly related to its function?

• thylakoid; sac that contains chlorophyll in its center
• stomata; pores that allow carbon dioxide to enter leaf
• chloroplast; membrane contains pigments for energy absorption
• grana; the layers of membranes that will later produce new seeds

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NGSS.HS-LS1-5

All of the following are true of typical mammalian cell division, EXCEPT that

• once mitosis is begun it cannot be halted
• cell division requires proteins known as cyclins
• the cell cycle contians several checkpoints where cell division regulation may occur
• if chromosome replication is incomplete, mitosis will not commence

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which of the following best describes the first law of thermodynamics?

• energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter
• energy is not created not destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another
• some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs
• energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one useful form to another

The Greek root word, eukaryotic, means "true kernel." Why is eukaryotic an appropriate term to describe the complex cells in animals?

• eukaryotes were the first true living organisms
• eukaryotic cells developed from prokaryotic cells
• eukarotic cells have a nucleus
• only eukaryotic cells are abe to reproduce sexually

Which of the following is most closely associated with the Calvin cycle?

• ATP production
• oxygen production
• carbon dioxide fixation
• carbon dioxide production

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NGSS.HS-LS2-5

The nuclear membrane is often thought of as a protective structure, separating the genetic material from the rest of the cell. However, mRNA must be able to leave the nucleus to travel to a ribosome. How is this accomplished?

• mRNA is small enough to diffuse across the lipid bilayer of the nuclear membrane.
• mRNA is enclosed in vesicles which fuse with the membrane and exit.
• mRNA exits through nuclear pore complexes.
• mRNA attaches to a transport protein and exits through a gated channel.

Which choice correctly distinguishes between hydrophilic and hydrophobic ligands?

• Hydrophilic ligands can cross the cellular membrane and use a membrane bound receptor, hydrophobic ligands can’t cross the cellular membrane and use an intracellular receptor.
• Hydrophilic ligands can’t cross the cellular membrane and use a membrane bound receptor, hydrophobic ligands can cross the cellular membrane and use an intracellular receptor.
• Hydrophilic ligands can’t cross the cellular membrane and use an intracellular receptor, hydrophobic ligands can cross the cellular membrane and use a membrane bound receptor.
• Hydrophilic ligands remains in the interstitial fluid and use an intracellular receptor, hydrophobic ligands comes out of solution and leave the interstitial fluid and use a membrane bound receptor.

The chromosomes of a multicellular organism are

• composed of DNA and protein
• replicated into two chromatids during the G1 phase of interphase
• separated into two daughter chromosomes by binary fission
• carrying the same genetic information

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2