PAPHW: Rome

Members of the aristocratic governing class in Rome were known as the

• patricians

• plebs

• latins

• hoplites

The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic who were responsible for leading the Roman army into battle and administering the government were the

• praetors

• consuls

• tribunes

• senators

The First Punic War

• Discouraged the Romans from developing their naval power

• Was begun with an attack by Hannibal

• Resulted from a Roman invasion of Spain

• Was waged between Carthage and Rome over control of the island of Sicily

Under the reigns of the five "good emperors"

• The range of responsibilities that were affected by the policies of the emperors increased.

• Rome gained control of the British Isles and the Arabian peninsula

• Nearly a century of chaos consumed Rome

• The power of the Senate increased

The Third Punic War

• Took place immediately after the end of the Second Punic War 

• Was caused by the assassination of Cato the Elder

• Resulted in Carthage being destroyed and its territory becoming a Roman Province

• Saved North Africa from Roman influence

Julius Caesar

• Was a member of the plebeian class

• Defeated Octavian's army and obtained the titles of dictator, then dictator for life.

• Was assassinated by leading Senators convinced his death would restore the republic

• Saw the need for change and strengthened the Senate's power

Constantine's "new Rome" was established at the site of ancient

• Troy

• Delphi

• Alexandria

• Byzantium

During the centuries of Roman history, from Republic to Empire, the paterfamilias' authority

• decreased

• fluctuated

• increased

• remained the same

Roman slaves

• Rarely rebelled, due to the fair treatment they received

• Were involved in agriculture but only in manufacturing enterprises

• Made up well over half the population of the empire

• Staged a number of massive rebellions, the largest led by Spartacus in 71 B.C.E.

The success of Christianity was widely believed by historians to have been due to its...

• acceptance by Diocletian

• anti-Semitism

• Strong following among aristocratic Romans after 75 C.E.

• Promise of salvation, its familiarity, and its universality