Chapter 15: Assessment

Natural selection is a mechanism for species change over time.

• Genetic Drift

• Evolution

• Variation

• Overproduction

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Selective Breeding was used to produce purebred Chihuahuas and cocker spaniels.

• Artificial Selection

• Natural Selection

• Stabilizing Selection

• Sexual Selection

Diffrential survival by memebers of a population with favorable adaptions is a mechanism for a theory developed by Charles Darwin.

• Directional Selection

• Artififcial Selection

• Natural Selection

• Disruptive Selection

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Which best describes the prvailing veiw about the age of Earth and evolution befor Darwin's voyage on the HMS Beagle?

• A. Earth and life are recent and have remaines unchanged.

• B. Species evolved rapidly during the first six thousand to a few hundred thousand years.

• C. Earth is billions of years old, but species have not evolved.

• D. Species have evolved on Earth for billions of years.

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Which statement about the tortoise above would be part of an explanation for tortoise evolution based on natural selection?

• A. All tortoises look like the above tortoise.

• B. Tortoises with domed shells have more young than tortoises with flat shells.

• C. All the tortoises born on the island survived.

• D. The tortoise shell looks nothing like the shell of either parent.

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Summarize Darwin's theory of evolution by using an example.

• In one ecosystem, lizards that had long legs could climb better to avoid floods and reach food.

• All the organisms of a given species interacting in a specified area.

• All the organisms of a given species interacting in a specified area.

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How is artificial selection similar to natural selection?

• They both increase species chance for survival.

• They both have traits derived by humans.

• They are both mechanisms for evolution.

• A process occurs without human inteference.

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Anatomical parts that have a reduced function in an organism are analagous structures.

• Allopatric Speciation

• Sympatric Speciation

• Homologous Structures

• Vestigial Structures

Biogeography is a measure of the relative contribution an individual trait makes to the next generation.

• Bottleneck

• Fitness

• Gradualism

• Embryo

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Camouflage occurs when two or more species evolve adaptions to resemble each other.

• Mimicry

• Biogeography

• Evolution

• Fitness

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