Two allopatric species of sparrows have very similar niches when compared to two sympatric species of sparrows. What would be a good explanation for this?

The allopatric species have no competition with one another so therefore can occupy similar niches

The sympatric species are usually mechanically isolated from one another

The sympatric species diverged from a common ancestor

The allopatric species are behaviorally isolated from one another

which of the following is not involved in natural selection?

differences in reproductive success

inheritable variation in populations

Which of the following is an example of gene flow?

A young stallion is driven out of its herd by the alpha stallion and begins its own herd in another location

A subordinate wolf successfully challenges the alpha male and mates with pack females

A deer picks up spores from a plant as it grazes and deposits them next to that plant.

James Hutton's theory of gradualism and Charles Lyell's theory of uniformitarianism played significant roles in the development of evolutionary theory, because together they influenced Charles Darwin by persuading him that:

Earth is old enough that changes through natural selection could account for the evolution of species.

the occurrence of continental drift provides an explanation for the discovery of similar species on different landmasses

the common ancestry of all living organisms explains their fundamental similarity.

transitional forms in the fossil record provide links between distinct species

Species that are not closely related and that do not share many anatomical similarities can still be placed together on the same phylogenetic tree by comparing their

homologous genes that are highly conserved

homologous genes that are poorly conserved

Over evolutionary time, many cave–dwelling organisms have lost their eyes. Tapeworms have lost their digestive systems. Whales have lost their hind limbs. How can natural selection account for these losses?

Under particular circumstances that persisted for long periods, each of these structures presented greater costs than benefits.

Natural selection cannot account for losses, only for innovations.

Natural selection accounts for these losses by the principle of use and disuse.

The ancestors of these organisms experienced harmful mutations that forced them to find new habitats that these species had not previously used.

If Darwin had been aware of genes, and of their typical mode of transmission to subsequent generations, with which statement would he most likely have been in agreement?

If natural selection can change one gene's frequency in a population over the course of generations then, given enough time and enough genes, natural selection can cause sufficient genetic change to produce new species from old ones.

If an individual's somatic cell genes change during its lifetime, making it more fit, then it will be able to pass these genes on to its offspring.

If an individual acquires new genes by engulfing, or being infected by, another organism, then a new genetic species will be the result.

A single mutation in a single gene in a single gamete will, if perpetuated, produce a new species within just two generations.

Natural selection is based on all of the following except:

individuals adapt to their environments, and thereby, evolve

the best adapted individuals tend to leave the most offspring

individuals who survive longer tend to leave more offspring

populations tend to produce more individuals than the environment can support

During a study session about evolution, one of your fellow students remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; its offspring inherited longer necks as a result." Which statement is most likely to be helpful in correcting this student's misconception?

Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on through genes.

Spontaneous mutations can result in the appearance of new traits.

Only favorable adaptations have survival value.

Disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance.

Morphological and genetic comparisons group 30 species of snapping shrimps (genus Alpheus) into 15 pairs of closely related species. In sympatric speciation, a new species may arise in the same area as an existing species, where in allopatric speciation, some geographic isolating mechanism is present. What is the best explanation for the fact that one member of each pair lives on the Atlantic side of the Isthmus of Panama, whereas the other member of each pair lives on the Pacific side?

The pairs of species arose by allopatric speciation when the Isthmus of Panama separated their ancestral species

Different predator pressures in the Atlantic and Pacific selected differences resulted in the reproductive isolation of these species

The 30 species of snapping shrimp evolved by sympatric speciation before the Isthmus of Panama formed

These 15 pairs of species illustrate the pattern of punctuated equilibrium, in which most speciation events take place in a short period of time.

Mice that are homozygous for a lethal recessive allele die shortly after birth. In a large breeding colony of mice, you find a surprising 5% of all newborns die from this trait. In checking lab records, you discover that the same proportion of offspring have been dying from this trait in this colony for the past three years. How might you explain the persistence of this lethal allele at such a high frequency?

There is some sort of heterozygote advantage and perhaps selection against the homozygous dominant trait

Homozygous recessive mice have a reproductive advantage, which helps to maintain the frequency of the allele

The rapid reproductive rate is coupled with a large mutation rate, which results in multiple copies of this lethal allele

Because this is a diploid species, the recessive allele cannot be selected against when it is in the heterozygote

Which of the following statements best expresses the concept of punctuated equilibrium?

Evolution occurs in rapid bursts of change alternating with long periods in which species remain relatively unchanged

Very small changes in the genome of individuals eventually lead to the evolution of a population

The five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will prevent populations from evolving quickly

Profound change over the course of geologic history is the result of an accumulation of slow, continuous processes

Which of the following statements is correct based on the information shown in this cladogram?

the turtle and the frog are more similar to each other than the turtle and the bass

frogs have existed for a longer time that bass

the frog is more closely related to the bass than to the leopard

A horse and a donkey can successfully mate to produce offspring known as a mule. Mules are sterile . Would mules be classified as a species?

No, due to their inability to reproduce successfully.

Yes, mules have enough of their own traits to be considered a species.

Yes, the fact that have different number of chromosomes makes them a different species

No, mules are too similar to the parent species

Natural selection CANNOT occur without

competition for unlimited resources.

asexual reproduction in species.

Individuals moving into and out of the population

Natural disasters killing most of the members of a population

Small changes because of the environment

Genetic drift is likely to be seen in a population

In which natural selection is occurring

For which environmental conditions are changing

Which of the following is an example of the founder effect ?

Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population.

Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers.

Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.

Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year. This results in larger apples from year to year.

AP Biology: Unit 6 Test Review

Authored by Angela Larson

Biology

11th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 263+ times

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63 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

The main goal of the Human Genome Project was to

identify the unique parts of each person's DNA

identify genes responsible for human disease

determine the entire sequence of human DNA.

identify the structure of the DNA molecule

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The specialized field of studying whole genomes, including genes and their functions, is called

genomics

bioinformatics

the Human Genome Project

information science

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

Which best describes the impact that the Human Genome Project has has on society?

It has helped scientists determine that certain genes can cause diseases

It has led to discrimination against genetically flawed individuals

It has led to the appearance of new diseases

It has cost society billions of dollars without any major benefits

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

What is a genome?

The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism

A garden ornament

The sum of all human material.

A totally unique set of genetic material not shared with anything else

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is a true statement about natural selection?

it is goal directed

individuals evolve

variation exists in a population

acquired characteristics

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

a bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high

sexuality

mutation rate

fitness

adaptability

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene. The change is called a(n)

mutation

gene flow

gene pool

allele

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

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AP Biology: Unit 6 Test Review

The main goal of the Human Genome Project was to

The specialized field of studying whole genomes, including genes and their functions, is called

Which best describes the impact that the Human Genome Project has has on society?

What is a genome?

Which of the following is a true statement about natural selection?

a bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high

Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene. The change is called a(n)

The condition in which there are barriers to successful interbreeding between individuals of different species in the same community is referred to as

The differences in sparrow songs among sympatric species of sparrows are examples of

Two allopatric species of sparrows have very similar niches when compared to two sympatric species of sparrows. What would be a good explanation for this?

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